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Madras Mint – Reformation – Gold, Two Pagodas 1808 to 1817

	(Persian = do hun = Two hun):		(Tamil = 2 vara kun, Telugu = 2 varahani = 2 hun)
Seven tiered Gopuram of a temple, standing on stony ground. Seven or nine stars on each side. All this surrounded by a buckled garter. On the garter is the value in English: TWO PAGODAS and Persian.		Figure of Vishnu holding a sword in his left hand. Dotted symbols on each side with crescents and lotus flowers below. All surrounded by three circles of beads. All this within a ribbon, the ends separated by a star. On the ribbon is the value in Tamil and Telugu. All within a beaded border.

Official Weight (g)	5.94
Actual Weight (g)	5.87-5.92
Actual Diameter (mm)	20.1-21.6
Edge	Grained Right
Composition	Gold
Axis	↑↑
Mintage	1,063,912

Catalogue

Cat No.

Photo Link

Obv

Rev

Obverse

Reverse

Provenance

Comments

Rarity

Stars

Stops

Buckle

Gopuram

3 Circles

Stop

3.1

√ 192c.

A

I

9/9

End

Oval

OD

Yes

Yes

RJ

R

3.2

√ 192.

A

II

9/9

End

Oval

OD

Yes

No

Ste

R

3.3

√ 193.

A

IV

9/9

End

Oval

OD

No

No

Stacks, Her

R

3.4

√ 194.

B

I

9/9

End

Oval

O

Yes

Yes

Ste, Anantha Raghuraman

R

3.5

√ 195.

B

II

9/9

End

Oval

O

Yes

No

Oswal, New York

R

3.5A

√ 195b.

B

III

9/9

End

Oval

O

No

Yes

Sincona

R

3.6

√ 195c.

B

IV

9/9

End

Oval

O

No

No

Spink, Noon, Katz

Authenticity suspect on some specimens

R

3.8

√ 197.

C

III

9/9

End

Oval

G

No

Yes

Ste

R

3.7

√ 196.

C1

IV

9/9

End

Oval

G

No

No

Noon

R

3.9

√ 196b.

D

I

9/9

End

Oval

GO

Yes

Yes

Bald

R

3.10

√ 196c.

D

III

9/9

End

Oval

GO

No

Yes

Bald, SA

R

3.11

√ 196d.

D

IV

9/9

End

Oval

GO

No

No

Tody

R

3.12

√ 196e.

E

II

9/9

End

Oval

D

Yes

No

Bald

R

3.12C

√ 196g.

E

IV

9/9

End

Oval

D

No

No

St James

R

3.13

198.

F

II

9/9

End

Square

GO

Yes

No

Ref: BM

RR

3.14

199.

F

IV

9/9

End

Square

GO

No

No

Ref: BM

Dot group in Persian legend on obverse

RR

3.15

√ 201.

G

IV

9/9

End

Square

G

No

No

Ste

RR

3.16

201c.

H

III

9/9

End

Square

O

No

Yes

RR

3.17

√ 201e.

H

IV

9/9

End

Square

O

No

No

Stacks

RR

3.18

√ 202d.

I

II

9/9

C+E

Oval

GO

Yes

No

Tody, Noon

R

3.19

√ 202a.

I

IV

9/9

C+E

Oval

GO

No

No

Bald

R

3.19C

√ 202b.

I1

IV

9/9

C+E

Oval

G

No

No

SA (viaRJ)

R

3.20

√ 202c.

J

II

9/9

C+E

Oval

OD

Yes

No

St James

R

3.21

√ 202e.

K

II

9/9

C+E

Oval

O

Yes

No

Stacks, Zeno

R

3.21A

√ 202f.

K

III

9/9

C+E

Oval

O

No

Yes

Her

R

3.22

√ 202g.

K

IV

9/9

C+E

Oval

O

No

No

Bald

R

3.22C

√ 202i.

K1

IV

9/9

C+E

Oval

D

No

No

RJ

R

3.23

√ 203.

L

IV

9/9

None

Oval

O

No

No

Elsen

R

3.24

204.

M

IV

7/7

None

Square

G

No

No

Ref: BM

RR

3.24C

√ 204e.

N

II

7/7

None

Oval

O

Yes

No

Noon

RR

3.25

√ 204c.

N

IV

7/7

None

Oval

O

No

No

Stacks, Her

RR

3.26

√ 200.

O

IV

7/7

End

Square

GO

No

No

Ste, Busso-Peus

Group of dots in Persian legend on obverse

RR

3.26C

√ 200c.

P

IV

7/7

End

Square

O

No

No

SG, Her, RJ

RR

Obverse Varieties

Number of stars	The number of stars on each side of the gopuram can vary.
Stops in Legend	There may be no stops, an end stop alone, or a centre stop plus an end stop in the English legend
Shape of Buckle	The buckle may be oval, large oval or square
Gopuram	The centreline of the gopuram may point between the letters G and O, between the letters O and D, or directly at the letter G, O or D.

	A	B	C	C1	D	E	F	G	H
Number of stars	9/9	9/9	9/9	9/9	9/9	9/9	9/9	9/9	9/9
Stops in Legend	End	End	End	End	End	End	End	End	End
Shape of Buckle	Oval	Oval	Oval	Large Oval	Oval	Oval	Square	Square	Square
Gopuram	OD	O	G	G	GO	D	GO	G	O

	I	I1	J	K	K1	L	M	N	O	P
Number of stars	9/9	9/9	9/9	9/9	9/9	9/9	7/7	7/7	7/7	7/7
Stops in Legend	C+E	C+E	C+E	C+E	C+E	None	None	None	End	End
Shape of Buckle	Oval	Oval	Oval	Oval	Oval	Oval	Square	Oval	Square	Square
Gopuram	GO	G	OD	O	D	O	G	O	GO	O

Reverse Varieties

3 circles of beads	All three circles of beads are complete, or the stalk of the lotus flower or other symbols interrupt one or more of the circles.
Bead in Telugu legend	There may or may not be a bead in the Telugu legend at bottom right.

	I	II	III	IV
3 circles of beads	Yes	Yes	No	No
Bead in Telugu legend	Yes	No	Yes	No

Madras Mint – Reformation – Gold, Pagoda 1808 to 1817

	(Persian = hun = hun)		(Tamil = vara kun Telugu = varahani = hun)
Seven-tiered Gopuram of a temple, standing on stony ground. Five stars on each side. All this surrounded by a buckled garter. On the garter is the value in English: PAGODA and Persian. All within a beaded border.		Figure of Vishnu holding a sword in his left hand. Dotted symbols on each side with crescents and lotus flowers below. All surrounded by one circle of beads. All this within a ribbon, the ends separated by a star. On the ribbon is the value in Tamil and Telugu separated by a bead. All within a beaded border.

Official Weight (g)	2.97
Actual Weight (g)	2.90-3.00
Actual Diameter (mm)	16.8-17.6
Edge	Grained Right
Axis	↑↑
Mintage	1,381,809

Catalogue

Cat No.	Photo Link	Obv	Rev	Obverse		Reverse			Provenance	Comments	Rarity
				Buckle	Gopuram	Beads in Cross	Stop	Sword
3.27	√ 205.	A	I	Oval	O	11/9	Yes		Ste, Spink		R
3.27C	√ 205c.	A	Ia	Oval	O	11/9	Yes	LH & RH	Anantha Raghuraman		RR
3.28	√ 206.	A	III	Oval	O	1/11	Yes		Ste	Previously listed as reverse II with 13 dots left. A malformed crescent looks like two extra dots. See photos	RR
3.28C	√ 206c.	A	V	Oval	O	9/11	Yes		Gsrctr		RR
3.28E	√ 206e.	A	VI	Oval	O	9/11	No		World of Coins, Tody		RR
3.29	√ 207.	B	I	Oval	OD	11/9	Yes		Ste, Noon	Ref: Puddester	S
3.30	208.	B	III	Oval	OD	11/11	Yes			Ref: Thompson	RR
3.31	√ 208c.	C	I	Oval	D	11/11	Yes		Oswal, Noble		R
3.32	√ 209.	C	III	Oval	D	11/11	Yes		Ste		R
3.33	√ 210.	D	I	Square	OD	11/9	Yes		Ste, Noon, RJ	Exists with and without a group of 3 diamonds in the obverse Persian legend, or a bead above Vishnu. See Photos	S
3.33B	√ 210c.	D	III	Square	OD	11/11	Yes		RJ		R
3.34	√ 211.	D	IV	Square	OD	11/9	No		Ste	Authenticity suspect on some specimens.	R
3.35	√ 212.	E	I	Square	D	11/9	Yes		Ste, Tody, Noon		S
3.36	√ 213.	F	I	Square	O	11/9	Yes		Noble, ClassNG, Noon		S
3.36C	√ 213c.	F	III	Square	O	11/11	Yes		Coin World		S
3.37	√ 214.	F	IV	Square	O	11/9	No		ClassNG	See photos for one with a continuous circle of dots under Vishnu	RR
-	√ 215.	-	-	-	-	-	-		Ste	Jeweller’s copy. Wt = 3.09g. Diam = 18.4-18.7mm	NR

Obverse Varieties

Buckle Shape	The buckle may be square or oval.
Gopuram	The centreline of the gopuram may point between the letters O and D, directly at the letter O, or directly at the letter D.

	A	B	C	D	E	F
Buckle Shape	Oval	Oval	Oval	Square	Square	Square
Gopuram	O	OD	D	OD	D	O

Reverse Varieties

Stop in Legend	There is usually a stop between the Tamil and Telugu legends. On some coins this stop is not present.
Top Left Cross	To the left of Vishnu is an arrangement of dots topped by a cross shape, representing one of his wives. The number of dots that form this figure varies.
Top Right Cross	To the right of Vishnu is an arrangement of dots topped by a cross shape, representing one of his wives. The number of dots that form this figure varies.
Vishnu's Sword	The facing figure of Vishnu usually holds a sword in his left hand, but rarer examples exist with the sword in both hands.

	I	Ia	III	IV	V	VI
Stop in Legend	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No
Top Left Cross	11	11	11	11	9	9
Top Right Cross	9	9	11	9	11	11
Vishnu’s Sword	LH	LH & RH	LH	LH	LH	LH

Reverse II with 13 dots left has been deleted. It has 11 dots with a distorted crescent. See Cat No. 3.28

Madras Mint – Reformation – Silver, Half Pagoda 1807 to 1808

	(Persian = Nim hun phuli = half a flower, or star, pagoda)		(Tamil = Arai pu vara kun, Telugu = Ara pu varahani = half a flower, or star, pagoda)
Nine tiered Gopuram of a temple, standing on stony ground. Between eight and eighteen stars on each side. All this surrounded by a ribbon, the ends of which are separated by a star. On the ribbon is the value in English: HALF PAGODA and Persian.		Figure of Vishnu holding a sword in his left hand. Dotted symbols on each side with crescents and lotus flowers below. All surrounded by three, four or five circles of beads. Around this is the value in Tamil and Telugu. All within a beaded or toothed border.

Official Weight (g)	21.17
Actual Weight (g)	20.55-21.29
Actual Diameter (mm)	35.4-37.4
Composition	Silver
Edge	Grained Right
Axis	↑↑
Mintage	500,800

Catalogue

Cat No.

Photo Link

Obv

Rev

Obverse

Reverse

Provenance

Comments

Rarity

Stars

Persian

Circles of Beads

Crosses

Tamil

Telugu

Ornaments

3.38

√ 224.

A

I

18

Inward

5

15/14

Left Inward

Right Outward

Ste, RJ, BM

R

3.39

225.

A

VIII

18

Inward

5

13/14

Left Outward

Right Outward

Ref: BM..

RR

3.40

√ 223.

B

IX

17+1+17

Outward

4

16/11

Left Inward

Right Outward

Ste

RR

3.41

√ 222.

C

VIII

16+17

Inward

5

13/14

Left Outward

Right Outward

Ste, Noon

Obverse: centre stop only, no end stop

RR

3.42

√ 222c.

D

III

16

Inward

5

17/16

Left Inward

Right Inward

Marudhar, ANS

RR

3.43

√ 221.

E

IV

15

Inward

5

16/14

Left Inward

Right Inward

Ste, Howard Simmons, Bombay, Noon

This coin was previously recorded incorrectly as having Rev V.

R

3.44

√ 221c.

E

VI

15

Inward

5

15/13

Left Inward

Right Inward

Bald

RR

3.45

√ 220.

F

VII

14

Inward

5

15/14

Right Inward

Left Inward

Ste, Noon

R

3.46

√ 220c.

G

II

14

Outward

5

15/13

Left Inward

Right Outward

Bald, Vikram Coins

See photos for a specimen that has turned in the die

RR

3.47

√ 218c.

G

IX

14

Outward

4

16/11

Left Inward

Right Outward

Ste

RR

3.48

√ 219.

G

X

14

Outward

4

14/16

Left Inward

Right Outward

Lotus left/Crescents right

Bald, RJ, CNG

RR

3.49

√ 218.

H

IX

13

Outward

4

16/11

Left Inward

Right Outward

ANS, Noon

RR

3.50

√ 217.

I

IV

12

Inward

5

16/14

Left Inward

Right Inward

Ste, Noon, Her

See photos for an example of an 8 reales used as the blank

RR

3.51

√ 216.

J

XI

8

Outward

3

16/13

Left Inward

Right Outward

Glen, Bald

Pattern. 31mm. Ref: Pr. sale part 2, Oct 1982, lot 370. Then Baldwin (2000), Sale 22 (Wheeler), lot 20. Axis: ↑↑

Unique?

Wt = 26.96g. Diam = 39.0-39.4mm. Mexican 8 reales (Dollar) – Spanish American 8 reales were used as blanks for the larger coins in this series

Au (%)	Ag (%)	Cu (%)	Zn (%)	Ni (%)	Sn (%)	Bi (%)	Pb (%)	As (%)	Fe (%)
0.16	91.27	7.82	0	0	0.43	0.1	0.22	0	0
0.16	92.77	6.47	0	0	0.4	0.06	0.14	0	0

Stevens Collection

Obverse Varieties

There is usually a centre and end stop in the English legend. However, on one variety (C) there is only a centre stop. Since this only occurs on this one obverse variety, and the number of stars is a more obvious distinguishing feature, the stops in the legend are not included as part of the variety identifiers.

Number of stars	The number of stars on each side of the gopuram can vary.
Persian Legend	The top of the Persian legend may face inward or outward.

	A	B	C	D	E
Number of stars	18	17+1+17	16+17	16	15
Persian Legend	Inward	Outward	Inward	Inward	Inward

	F	G	H	I	J
Number of stars	14	14	13	12	8
Persian Legend	Inward	Outward	Outward	Inward	Outward

Reverse Varieties

Circles of Beads	There may be 3, 4 or 5 circles of beads.
Top Left Cross	To the left of Vishnu is an arrangement of dots topped by a cross shape, representing one of his wives. The number of dots that form this figure varies.
Top Right Cross	To the right of Vishnu is an arrangement of dots topped by a cross shape, representing one of his wives. The number of dots that form this figure varies.
Tamil Legend	The Tamil legend may be at left or right and may face inward or outward.
Telugu Legend	The Telugu legend may be at left or right and may face inward or outward.
Ornaments	Normally there are crescents left of Vishnu and lotus flowers to right, but sometimes the positions are reversed

	I	II	III	IV	VI
Circles of Beads	5	5	5	5	5
Top Left Cross	15	15	17	16	15
Top Right Cross	14	13	16	14	13
Tamil Legend	Left Inward	Left Inward	Left Inward	Left Inward	Left Inward
Telugu Legend	Right Outward	Right Outward	Right Inward	Right Inward	Right Inward
Ornaments	Normal	Normal	Normal	Normal	Normal

	VII	VIII	IX	X	XI
Circles of Beads	5	5	4	4	3
Top Left Cross	15	13	16	14	16
Top Right Cross	14	14	11	16	13
Tamil Legend	Right Inward	Left Outward	Left Inward	Left Inward	Left Inward
Telugu Legend	Left Inward	Right Outward	Right Outward	Right Outward	Right Outward
Ornaments	Normal	Normal	Normal	Lotus left/Crescents right	Normal

Reverse V was originally added by mistake. The coin believed to have reverse V with 13 dots at the right, actually had reverse IV. No reverse V coins are known at present.

Reverses IX and XI have a plain circle surrounding the circles of beads while the other reverses do not. See Rev photos

Probable modern counterfeit of A/II sold on eBay originating from Russia

Madras Mint – Reformation – Silver, Quarter Pagoda 1807 to 1808

	(Persian = Pau hun Phuli = Quarter of a flower, or star, pagoda)		(Tamil = Kal vara kun, Telugu = Kai varahani = quarter pagoda) NB. Bottom photo has one letter missing from the Telugu legend.
Seven-tiered Gopuram of a temple, standing on stony ground. Thirteen, eleven or nine stars on each side. All this surrounded by a ribbon, the ends of which are separated by a star. On the ribbon is the value in English: QUARTER PAGODA and Persian. All within a beaded or toothed border.		Figure of Vishnu holding a sword in his left hand. Dotted symbols on each side with crescents and lotus flowers below. All surrounded by three or four circles of beads. Around this is the value in Tamil and Telugu. All within a beaded border.

Official Weight (g)	10.58
Actual Weight (g)	10.36-10.74
Actual Diameter (mm)	25.8-27.2
Composition	Silver
Edge	Grained Right
Axis	↑↑
Mintage	1,772,896

Catalogue

Cat No.

Photo Link

Obv

Rev

Obverse

Reverse

Provenance

Comments

Rarity

Stars

Persian

Letters

Circles

Stops

Beads

Tamil

Telugu

3.52

√ 233.

A

I

13+1+13

Outward

AGO

4

Quintets

16

8

Outward

SA, eBay, Noon

RR

3.53

√ 232.

B

II

11+1+11

Outward

AGO

4

Single

16

8

Outward Missing

Ste, RJ

Ref: SNC Sept 1976 pp. 319. SNC April 1980 pp. 147

RR

3.54

√ 232c.

B

III

11+1+11

Outward

AGO

3

Single

14

8

Outward

RJ, Marudhar, HC, Noon

RR

3.55

√ 226.

C

IV

9+9

Inward

AGO

3

Quintets

15

8

Inward

Ste, Noon

R

3.56

√ 227.

C

VI

9+9

Inward

AGO

3

4/5

15

8

Inward

Noon

R

3.56C

√ 227e.

C1

IV

9+9

Inward

PAGO

3

Quintets

15

8

Inward

Noble, RJ

RR

3.57

√ 228.

D

IV

9+9

Inward

GOD

3

Quintets

15

8

Inward

Ste, Noon, CNG

R

3.58

√ 229.

D

V

9+9

Inward

GOD

3

Quintets

15

9

Inward

RJ

RR

3.58C

227c.

D

VII

9+9

Inward

GOD?

3

Quintets

13

8

?

Ref: BM 1935.0401.12294

RR

3.59

√ 230.

E

IV

9+9

Inward

AGOD

3

Quintets

15

8

Inward

Ste, Noon

R

3.60

√ 231.

E

V

9+9

Inward

AGOD

3

Quintets

15

9

Inward

Ste

RR

Obverse Varieties

Number of stars	The number of stars on each side of the gopuram can vary.
Persian Legend	The top of the Persian legend may face inwards or outwards.
Letters under Gopuram	The base of the gopuram may be above the letters AGO, PAGO, GOD or AGOD of PAGODA. An easy way to distinguish these varieties is that the central line of the gopuram points straight to the G in the AGO and PAGO varieties, straight to the O on the GOD variety and between the G & O (or at least to one side of the O) in the AGOD variety.

	A	B	C	C1	D	E
Number of stars	13+1+13	11+1+11	9+9	9+9	9+9	9+9
Persian Legend	Outward	Outward	Inward	Inward	Inward	Inward
Letters under Gopuram	AGO	AGO	AGO	PAGO	GOD	AGOD

Reverse Varieties

Circles of Beads	There may be three or four circles of beads surrounding Vishnu.
Stops in legend	The Tamil and Telugu legends may be separated by two quintets of dots arranged roughly in the shape of a diamond, a quartet of dots above Vishnu plus a quintet below, or by two single dots.
Beads in Cross to left of Vishnu	The number of beads to the left of Vishnu varies.
Letters in Tamil Legend	There can be different numbers of letters in the Tamil legend at left.
Telugu Legend	The top of the Telugu legend at right may be oriented outward or inward and the bottom letter may be missing

	I	II	III	IV	V	VI	VII
Circles of Beads	4	4	3	3	3	3	3
Stops in legend	Quintets	Single	Single	Quintets	Quintets	Quartet + Quintet	Quintets
Beads in Cross to left of Vishnu	16	16	14	15	15	15	13
Letters in Tamil Legend	8	8	8	8	9	8	8
Telugu Legend	Outward	Outward Letter missing	Outward	Inward	Inward	Inward	?

Madras Mint – Reformation – Silver, Five Fanams 1807 to 1808

	(Persian = Panj falam = Five fanams)		(Tamil = Anacu panam, Telugu = Aedu rukalu = Five fanams)
The value in Persian within a plain circle and surrounded by the value in English: FIVE FANAMS All within a plain border.		The value in Telugu in two lines within a plain circle. Around this is the value in Tamil. All within a plain border.

Official Weight (g)	4.65
Actual Weight (g)	4.42-4.80
Actual Diameter (mm)	16.3-17.8
Composition	Silver
Edge	Grained Right
Axis	Not Fixed
Mintage	988,423

Catalogue

Cat No.

Photo Link

Obv

Rev

Obverse

Reverse

Provenance

Comments

Rarity

Legend

Stops

F & A

V & F

S

Tamil Letter

Stops

3.61

√ 234.

A

I

4+1

Yes

Ste, HC, Oswal

R

3.62

√ 235.

B

I

1+4

Yes

Ste, HC, Bombay

R

3.63

√ 235c.

B

II

1+4

No

HC

R

3.64

√ 236.

B

III

1+4

Open

No

Ste

RR

3.65

√ 237.

B

IV

1+4

Retrograde

Yes

HC, Noon, Marudhar

RR

3.65A

√ 237c.

B

V

1+4

Retrograde

No

Bombay

RR

3.65C

√ 237e.

B1

I

FANAMS

1+4

Yes

Ste, HC, Noble

RR

3.66

√ 238.

C

II

FANAMS

4+4

No

Ste

RR

3.67

√ 239.

D

I

1+4

Retrograde

Yes

Ste, HC, RJ

S of FANAMS, retrograde. Some coins have no bar on the first A in FANAMS

R

3.67C

√ 239c.

D1

I

FANAMS

1+4

Retrograde

Yes

HC

S of FANAMS, retrograde. Some coins have no bar on the first A in FANAMS

RR

3.68

√ 240.

E

I

1+4

Wrong

Yes

Zeno, HC

Ref: Thompson

RR

3.69

√ 241.

F

I

1+4

Wrong

Yes

Ste, HC, Noon

R

Obverse Varieties

Outer Legend	The outer legend may begin at the top left with FIVE at the top or bottom right with FANAMS at the top
Stops in Legend	The stops in the English legend may be composed of single dots (1), or a quartet of dots (4) arranged roughly in the shape of a diamond. These can be mixed on a single coin (e.g. 4+1 means quartet after FIVE and single after FANAMS, 1+4 means single after FIVE and quartet after FANAMS)
F & A in FANAMS	The first two letters of FANAMS may be mal-formed with the F struck over E and a missing or weak cross-bar on the first A
V in FIVE & F in FANAMS	V in FIVE represented by an upside-down A. F in FANAMS represented by an E.
S in FANAMS	The S in the word FANAMS may be retrograde.

	A	B	B1	C	D	D1	E	F
Outer Legend	FIVE	FIVE	FANAMS	FANAMS	FIVE	FANAMS	FIVE	FIVE
Stops in Legend	4+1	1+4	1+4	4+4	1+4	1+4	1+4	1+4
F & A in FANAMS	OK	OK	OK	OK	OK	OK	OK	Mal-formed
V in FIVE & F in FANAMS	OK	OK	OK	OK	OK	OK	Incorrect	OK
S in FANAMS	OK	OK	OK	OK	Retrograde	Retrograde	OK	OK

Reverse Varieties

Last Tamil Letter	The last letter in the Tamil legend may be the normal closed type, or open. This is probably a die or striking error rather than a variety. On one variety the letter is retrograde.
Stops in Tamil legend	There may or may not be stops in the Tamil legend.

	I	II	III	IV	V
Last Tamil Letter	Closed	Closed	Open	Retrograde	Retrograde
Stops in Tamil legend	Yes	No	No	Yes	No

Described as a mint specimen set (3.65, 3.78, 3.87C)

Madras Mint – Reformation – Silver, Two Fanams 1807 to 1808

	(Persian = Do falam = Double fanam)		(Tamil = Irantu panam, Telugu = Renddu rukalu = Two fanams)
The value in Persian with or without a plain circle around. This is surrounded by the value in English: DOUBLE FANAM All within a plain border.		The value in Telugu in two lines with or without a plain circle around. Around this is the value in Tamil. All within a plain border.

Official Weight (g)	1.85
Actual Weight (g)	1.70-1.87
Actual Diameter (mm)	12.1-13.2
Composition	Silver
Edge	Plain
Axis	Not fixed
Mintage	1,511,087

Catalogue

Cat No.

Photo Link

Obv

Rev

Obverse

Reverse

Provenance

Comments

Rarity

Circle

Stops

Spelling

Circle

Legend U/S down

Stops

3.70

√ 242.

A

III

Yes

1+1

Yes

No

0

Noon, Coin World

RR

3.71

√ 243.

B

I

Yes

1+4

Yes

Yes

4+4

Ste, Noon, ClassNG

RR

3.72

√ 244.

B

II

Yes

1+4

Yes

No

4+4

Ste, HC

R

3.73

√ 245.

B

III

Yes

1+4

Yes

No

0

Ste, RJ, Noon, Tody

Occurs with large or small obverse letters. Some examples have no bar on the first A and a weak bar on the second A in FANAM

R

3.74

√ 246.

B

IV

Yes

1+4

Yes

No

1+1

Ste

RR

3.74A

√ 246c.

B

IVa

Yes

1+4

Yes

No

4+1

DNW/RJ

ANS 1988.84.184

RR

3.75

√ 247.

B

V

Yes

1+4

No

No

1+4

Ste, RJ, Tody

R

3.76

247C.

B

VIII

Yes

1+4

No

No

4+1

Tody

RR

3.77

√ 249.

C

III

Yes

1+4

ᴦᴧNᴧM

Yes

No

0

Ste

RR

3.78

√ 250.

D

III

Yes

1+4

ᴦANAM

Yes

No

0

Ste, Noon

RR

3.78A

250c.

D

IV

Yes

1+4

ᴦANAM

Yes

No

1+1

BM

RR

3.79

√ 251.

E

VI

Yes

0

No

No

1+1

Ste, Weir, Noon

R

3.79C

√ 257e.

E1

IV

Yes

1+1

F, N & M wrong

Yes

No

1+1

RJ

RR

3.80

252.

F

?

No

0+1

-

-

-

Recorded from Pridmore No. 164. Probably Rev I-IVa (centre circle)

RR

3.81

√ 253.

G

II

No

1+1

Yes

No

4+4

Ste, Noon

R

3.82

√ 254.

H

II

No

1+4

Yes

No

4+4

Ste, Noon

S

3.83

√ 255.

H

V

No

1+4

No

No

1+4

Ste, Noon

Some examples have small obverse letters. See photos

S

3.85

√ 256.

H

VI

No

1+4

No

No

1+1

Zeno

RR

3.84

√ 255c.

H

VII

No

1+4

No

Muddled

0

Tody

RR

3.86

257.

I

V

No

B.L

No

No

1+4

Ref: Kaslove. DOUB.LE

RR

3.86A

√ 257c.

J

III

No

0

Yes

No

0

RJ

RR

3.86C

√ 257d.

J

VII

No

0

No

Muddled

0

RJ

RR

Obverse Varieties

Centre Circle	There may or may not be a plain circle surrounding the Persian legend.
Stops in Legend	The stops in the English legend may be composed of single dots (1), or a quartet of dots (4) arranged roughly in the shape of a diamond. (E.g. 1+1 means single after DOUBLE and single after FANAM, 1+4 means single after DOUBLE and quartet after FANAM). Alternatively, there may be no stops at all (0).
F & A's of FANAM	The second bar of F of FANAM is missing. A's of FANAM are upside-down V's.
Second bar of F	The second bar of the F is missing
N & M of FANAM	N retrograde and M upside-down

	A	B	C	D	E	E1	F	G	H	I	J
Centre Circle	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No	No
Stops in Legend	1+1	1+4	1+4	1+4	0+0	4+4	0+1	1+1	1+4	B.L	0+0
F & A's of FANAM	OK	OK	Incorrect		OK		?	OK	OK	OK	OK
Second bar of F	OK	OK		Missing	OK		?	OK	OK	OK	OK
N & M of FANAM	OK	OK	OK	OK	OK	Incorrect	?	OK	OK	OK	OK

Reverse Varieties

Centre Circle	The Telugu legend may or may not be surrounded by a plain circle.
Legend U/S Down	The Telugu legend may or may not be upside-down relative to the Tamil legend.
Stops in Legend	The stops in the Tamil legend may be composed of single dots (1), or a quartet of dots (4) arranged roughly in the shape of a diamond. Alternatively there may be no stops at all (0).

	I	II	III	IV	IVa	V	Va	VI	VII	VIII
Centre Circle	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No	No
Legend U/S Down	Yes	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	Muddled	No
Stops in Legend	4+4	4+4	0+0	1+1	4+1	1+4	4+1	1+1	0+0	4+1

Letter missing from Tamil Legend. Photo from Hemanth Chopra

Madras Mint – Reformation – Silver, Fanam 1807 to 1808

		(Tamil = panam, Telugu = ruka = fanam)
A five- or six-pointed star with or without a plain circle around. Crossed branches below. The value in English above. FANAM All within a plain border.	A five- or six-pointed star or five- or six-petal flower with or without a plain circle around. This is surrounded by the value in Tamil and Telugu. All within a plain rim.

Official Weight (g)	0.92
Actual Weight (g)	0.73-0.95
Actual Diameter (mm)	9.5-10.6
Composition	Silver
Edge	Plain
Axis	Not Fixed
Mintage	386,352

Catalogue

Cat No.

Photo Link

Obv

Rev

Obverse

Reverse

Provenance

Comments

Rarity

Circle

Branches

Star

Spelling

Circle

Stops

Device

3.87

√ 258.

A

I

Yes

Yes

5 pts

Yes

1+1

Star, 5 points

RJ

RR

3.87C

√ 258c.

A

III

Yes

Yes

5 pts

Yes

4+4

Star, 5 points

Noon, HC

RR

3.88

√ 259.

B

III

Yes

No

6 pts Square ends

Yes

4+4

Star, 5 points

Vinitkumar Pujara, HC

RR

3.88C

√ 260c.

B

VI

Yes

No

6 pts Square ends

No

4+1

Star, 5 points

RJ

RR

3.89

√ 260.

C

I

No

Yes

5 pts

Yes

1+1

Star, 5 points

Ste, HC, Tody, Noon

The stars on the reverse come in different shapes. See photos.

S

3.90

√ 261.

C

II

No

Yes

5 pts

Yes

1+1

Flower, 5 petals

Ste, HC, Marudhar, Tody

The flowers on the reverse come in different shapes. See photos.

R

3.91

√ 261c.

C

III

No

Yes

5 pts

Yes

4+4

Star, 5 points

Bald

RR

3.92

√ 261e.

C

VI

No

Yes

5 pts

No

4+1

Star, 5 points

Ste, HC

R

3.93

√ 262.

D

III

No

No

6 pts

Yes

4+4

Star, 5 points

Ste, RJ

R

3.94

√ 262c.

D

V

No

No

6 pts

Yes

4+4

Star 6 points

Murali Thantry, SA

RR

3.95

√ 263.

E

I

No

Yes

5 pts

bANAM

Yes

1+1

Star, 5 points

Ste, Tody

Very low silver content on one example (by XRF) see photos. May be contemporary counterfeit.

RR

3.96

√ 264.

F

IV

No

Yes

Absent

Yes

4+4

Flower, 6 petals

Ste

Ref: Wiggins

RR

3.97

√ 264c.

G

I

No

Yes

5 pts

EANAW

Yes

1+1

Star, 5 points

HC

RR

3.97C

√ 264d.

H

I

No

Yes

5 pts

bANAM (retro N)

Yes

1+1

Star, 5 points

RJ

Thanks to Hemanth Chopra who noticed the retro N

RR

3.97E

√ 264e.

J

I

No

Yes with stops

5 pts

Yes

1+1

Star, 5 points

HC, RJ

Obverse stops 1+1 linked to branches

RR

Obverse Varieties

Centre Circle	There may or may not be a plain circle surrounding the star.
Branches	There may or may not be crossed branches below the star. Some have berries on the end, although there is some debate about whether these are berries or stops in the legend.
Star	The central star may have 5 or 6 points or may be absent. The shape of the star varies
Spelling of FANAM	FANAM may be mis-spelt.

	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	J
Centre Circle	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
Branches	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes with stops/berries
Star	5 Points	6 Points	5 Points	6 Points	5 points	Absent	5 points	5 points	5 Points
Spelling of FANAM	OK	OK	OK	OK	bANAM	OK	EANAW	bANAM (retroN)	OK

Reverse Varieties

Centre Circle	There may or may not be a circle around the star.
Stops in Legend	The stops in the legend may be composed of single dots (1), two quartets of dots (4) each arranged roughly in the shape of a diamond, or a quartet plus a single dot.
Central Device	There is a 5- or 6-point star or 5 or 6 petal flower in the centre of the reverse design. The shapes of the star and flower vary. Sometimes the centre device is intermediate between star and flower, but if the rays/petals do not touch at the centre, the device is considered to be a flower.

	I	II	III	IV	V	VI
Centre Circle	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No
Stops in Legend	1+1	1+1	4+4	4+4	4+4	4+1
Central Device	Star, 5 points	Flower, 5 petals	Star, 5 points	Flower, 6 petals	Star, 6 points	Star, 5 points

Madras Mint – Reformation – Silver, Half Pagoda 1808 to 1812

	(Persian = nim hun phuli = half a flower, or star, pagoda)		(Tamil = Arai pu vara kun. Telugu = Ara pu varahani = half a flower, or star, pagoda)
Nine tiered Gopuram of a temple, standing on stony ground. Nine stars on each side. All this surrounded by a buckled garter. On the garter is the value in English: HALF PAGODA and Persian. All within a beaded border.		Figure of Vishnu holding a sword in his left hand. Dotted symbols on each side with crescents and lotus flowers below. All surrounded by three circles of beads. All this within a ribbon, the ends of which are separated by a star. On the ribbon is the value in Tamil and Telugu. All within a beaded border.

Official Weight (g)	21.17
Actual Weight (g)	20.81-21.43
Actual Diameter (mm)	34.9-38.3
Composition	Silver
Edge	Grained Right
Axis	↑↑
Mintage	1,999,601

Catalogue

Cat No.

Photo Link

Obv

Rev

Obverse

Reverse

Prov’nce

Comments

Rarity

Stars

Stops

Gopuram

Buckle

Shading

Spelling

Circles

Crosses

Stop

Beads Below

Telugu Letter

Tails

Sword

3.98A

√ 265e.

A

II

9+9

End

O/D

Oval

No

3

14/12

Yes

0

Oswal

R

3.98

√ 265c.

A

VIII

9+9

End

O/D

Oval

No

3

16/14

Yes

2

Noon

Specimen strike

R

3.99

√ 265.

A

IX

9+9

End

O/D

Oval

No

3

16/14

Yes

2

4

Ste,

Both reverse crosses re-engraved

RR

3.99C

√ 265b.

A

XI

9+9

End

O/D

Oval

No

3

16/14

No

1

Subasta

R

3.101

√ 265g.

A

XII

9+9

End

O/D

Oval

No

3

16/14

No

2

Ste, Coins Art, RJ

R

3.100

√ 266.

A

XIII

9+9

End

O/D

Oval

No

3

14/16

Yes

2

Ste, Noon

R

3.102

267a.

C

II

9+9

End

G/O

Oval

No

3

14/12

Yes

0

Ref: Kaslove

R

3.104

√ 268a.

C

VII

9+9

End

G/O

Oval

No

3

16/14

Yes

0

RJ

R

3.105

√ 269.

C

VIII

9+9

End

G/O

Oval

No

3

16/14

Yes

2

Bald, Noon

R

3.105C

√ 269c

C

XII

9+9

End

G/O

Oval

No

3

16/14

No

2

DNW

R

3.106

√ 270.

D

VII

9+9

End

G/O

Square

Yes

3

16/14

Yes

0

Ste

RR

3.106C

√ 270c.

E

II

9+9

End

O

Oval

No

3

14/12

Yes

0

eBay

R

3.106E

√ 270e.

E

VI

9+9

End

O

Oval

No

3

16/14

Yes

2 above

RJ, Bald

R

3.107

271.

E

VII

9+9

End

O

Oval

No

3

16/14

Yes

0

Ref: Wiggins

R

3.108

√ 272.

E

VIII

9+9

End

O

Oval

No

3

16/14

Yes

2

Ste, HC, Sov, Noon, Marudhar

R

3.109

√ 272b.

E

VIII

9+9

End

OD

Oval

No

3

16/14

Yes

2

Her, Goldberg

O over D. See photos.

RR

3.110

√ 272b3.

E

IX

9+9

End

O

Oval

No

3

16/14

Yes

2

4

RJ

Reverse right cross re-engraved

RR

3.114

√ 274.

E

X

9+9

End

O

Oval

No

3

16/14

No

0

Upside-down

Stacks, Noon

See photos for dots on obv.

RR

3.113

√ 273.

E

XI

9+9

End

O

Oval

No

3

16/14

No

1

Her

R

3.111

√ 272c.

E

XII

9+9

End

O

Oval

No

3

16/14

No

2

Ste, Her

R

3.114C

√ 274b.

E

XIIa

9+9

End

O

Oval

No

3

16/14

No

2

None

SA, Bald

No Sword. Looks like 3 beads below Vishnu but the lowest is part of the inner circle.

RR

3.115

√ 274c.

G

II

9+9

End

O

Oval

Yes

3

14/12

Yes

0

HC

R

3.115A

√ 274a.

G

III

9+9

End

O

Oval

Yes

3

14/14

Yes

0

Her

R

3.116

√ 275.

G

IV

9+9

End

O

Oval

Yes

3

11/13

Yes

0

Ste

No bead above Vishnu

R

3.117

√ 275c.

G

VII

9+9

End

O

Oval

Yes

3

16/14

Yes

0

Ste

R

3.118

√ 275e.

H

III

9+9

End

G

Oval

No

3

14/14

Yes

0

HC

R

3.119

√ 276.

H

XI

9+9

End

G

Oval

No

3

16/14

No

1

Ste, Her

R

3.120

√ 277.

I

VIII

9+9

End

D

Oval

No

3

16/14

Yes

2

RJ, Bald

R

3.121

√ 277c.

I

XI

9+9

End

D

Oval

No

3

16/14

No

1

Bald, Noon, SA

R

3.121C

√ 277b.

I

XIII

9+9

End

D

Oval

No

3

14/16

Yes

2

Her

R

3.122

√ 277d.

J

II

9+9

C+E

G/O

Oval

No

3

14/12

Yes

0

HC. Marudhar

Trace of a second sword in right hand on one

R

3.123

√ 277e.

J

VI

9+9

C+E

G/O

Oval

No

3

16/14

Yes

2 above

Marudhar

R

3.123A

√ 277g.

J

VII

9+9

C+E

G/O

Oval

No

3

16/14

Yes

0

Her

R

3.124

√ 278.

J

VIII

9+9

C+E

G/O

Oval

No

3

16/14

Yes

2

Ste, Noon

R

3.125

279.

J

XII

9+9

C+E

G/O

Oval

No

3

16/14

No

2

Ref: Withers

R

3.126

√ 280.

K

II

9+9

C+E

G/O

Oval

Yes

3

14/12

Yes

0

eBay, Noon, Bald

R

3.126C

√ 280c.

K

VIII

9+9

C+E

G/O

Oval

Yes

3

16/14

Yes

2

Noon

R

3.127

√ 281.

L

II

9+9

C+E

G

Oval

No

3

14/12

Yes

0

Ste, RJ

R

3.127C

√ 281b.

L

IIIa

9+9

C+E

G

Oval

No

3

13/11

Yes

0

RJ

R

3.128

√ 281c.

L

V

9+9

C+E

G

Oval

No

3

15/12

Yes

0

Ste

R

3.129

√ 282.

L

VII

9+9

C+E

G

Oval

No

3

16/14

Yes

0

Ste

R

3.130

√ 283.

L

VIII

9+9

C+E

G

Oval

No

3

16/14

Yes

2

Ste

Kaslove has one without a centre stop (on rev?)

R

3.131

√ 284.

L

XI

9+9

C+E

G

Oval

No

3

16/14

No

1

Ste

R

3.131C

√ 284b.

L1

II

9+9

C+E

G

Oval

Yes

3

14/12

Yes

0

SA

R

3.132

√ 284b3.

M

II

9+9

C+E

O

Oval

No

3

14/12

Yes

0

Her

R

3.133

284c.

M

IV

9+9

C+E

O

Oval

No

3

11/13

Yes

0

Reverse certainly has 13/11 beads but not certain it is IV Ref: Kaslove

R

3.134

√ 285.

M

VII

9+9

C+E

O

Oval

No

3

16/14

Yes

0

Ste, Oswal

R

3.135

√ 286.

M

VIII

9+9

C+E

O

Oval

No

3

16/14

Yes

2

Ste, RJ

R

3.136

√ 287.

M

XII

9+9

C+E

O

Oval

No

3

16/14

No

2

Ste

R

3.136C

√ 287c.

M

XIIc

9+9

C+E

O

Oval

No

3

16/15

Yes

1

RJ

R

3.136D

√ 287d.

M1

II

9+9

C+E

O

Oval

Yes

3

14/12

Yes

0

Noon, Her

R

3.136E

√ 287e.

M1

VI

9+9

C+E

O

Oval

Yes

3

16/14

Yes

2 above

RJ

Shading in left side of buckle

R

3.136G

√ 287g.

M2

VIII

9+9

C+E

OD

Oval

No

3

16/14

Yes

2

RJ

R

3.137

√ 288.

N

II

9+9

L&F+E

O

Oval

No

3

14/12

Yes

0

Bald

R

3.138

√ 288c.

O

IV

9+9

None

O

Oval

No

3

11/13

Yes

0

RJ

No bead above Vishnu

R

3.139

√ 289.

O

VI

9+9

None

O

Oval

No

3

16/14

Yes

2 above

Ste, Noon

R

3.139C

√ 289b.

O

VIII

9+9

None

O

Oval

No

3

16/14

Yes

2

RJ

R

3.140

√ 289c.

O

XI

9+9

None

O

Oval

No

3

16/14

No

1

RJ

R

3.140C

√ 289d.

O1

II?

9+9

None?

O

Oval

Yes

3

14/12

Yes

0?

Noble

Lack of obverse centre stop and beads below Vishnu are not clear

R

3.141

289a.

P

VI

9+9

None

G

Oval

No

3

16/14

Yes

2 above

Ref: Kaslove

R

3.142

√ 290.

P

IX

9+9

None

G

Oval

No

3

16/14

Yes

0

Ste

R

3.143

291.

P

VIII

9+9

None

G

Oval

No

3

16/14

Yes

2

Ref: Kaslove

R

3.143C

√ 291e.

Q

IIa

9+9

None

G

Oval

No

3

14/12

Yes

0

4

Her

Left cross re-engraved

RR

3.143E

√ 291g.

Q

IIIa

9+9

None

G

Oval

No

3

13/11

Yes

0

Ponterio

RR

3.144

√ 292.

Q

X

9+9

None

G/O

Oval

No

3

16/14

No

0

Upside-down

Ste, RJ, Noon

R

3.144C

√ 292c.

Q1

VII

9+9

None

G/O

Square

Yes

3

16/14

Yes

0

Kaslove

R

3.145

√ 293.

R

VIII

9+9

None

D

Oval

No

PGODA

3

16/14

Yes

2

Ste, HC, Tody, Bald

RRR

3.146

√ 294.

S

I

22+24

C+E

D

Square

No

5

14/11

Yes

1

Noble, SNC, Noon. Anantha Raghuraman

5 circles of beads

RRR

Rarity of the minor varieties is unknown. Some may be very rare.

Several coins have been observed with obverses F and Q with an identical reverse X die. This obviously provides a die-link between obverses F and Q (information from H. Kaslove). Other die links exist such as obverses G and O with an identical reverse IV die, and obverses E, M1 and O with a reverse VI die. If enough examples are collected, there may be an opportunity in the future to undertake a more serious study of die-linking. Hopefully, this catalogue is providing a starting point.

Q1/VII overstruck on first type (1807-1808). From H Kaslove

Obverse Varieties

Number of stars	There are usually 9 stars on each side of the gopuram. A rare variety has 22+24 stars.
Stops in Legend	The English legend may contain no stops, an end stop alone, or a centre stop between the two words plus an end stop (C+E). In one example the centre stop is between the L & F of HALF (L&F+E).
Gopuram	The centre line of the gopuram may point directly at the letter G, between the letters G and O, directly at the letter O, or between the letters O and D. This can best be ascertained by holding a ruler up the central spine of the gopuram. If the ruler touches a letter or the edge of a letter, then the gopuram is considered to point to that letter.
Buckle Shape	The buckle may be oval or square. Some square buckles have rounded corners
Shading in buckle	The shading may or may not extend into the buckle.
Spelling of PAGODA	PAGODA spelt PGODA

The triad of dots in the Persian legend may be placed to the right or left of the centre letter (n). See obverse varieties

	A	C	D	E	G	H	I
Number of stars	9+9	9+9	9+9	9+9	9+9	9+9	9+9
Stops in Legend	End	End	End	End	End	End	End
Gopuram	O/D	G/O	G/O	O	O	G	D
Buckle Shape	Oval	Oval	Square	Oval	Oval	Oval	Oval
Shading in buckle	No	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	No
Spelling of PAGODA	OK	OK	OK	OK	OK	OK	OK

	J	K	L	L1	M	M1	M2
Number of stars	9+9	9+9	9+9	9+9	9+9	9+9	9+9
Stops in Legend	C+E	C+E	C+E	C+E	C+E	C+E	C+E
Gopuram	G/O	G/O	G	G	O	O	OD
Buckle Shape	Oval	Oval	Oval	Oval	Oval	Oval	Oval
Shading in buckle	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	No
Spelling of PAGODA	OK	OK	OK	OK	OK	OK	OK

	N	O	O1	P	Q	Q1	R	S
Number of stars	9+9	9+9	9+9	9+9	9+9	9+9	9+9	22+24
Stops in Legend	L&F+E	None	None?	None	None	None	None	C+E
Gopuram	O	O	O	G	G/O	G/O	D	D
Buckle Shape	Oval	Oval	Oval	Oval	Oval	Square	Oval	Square
Shading in buckle	No	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No
Spelling of PAGODA	OK	OK	OK	OK	OK	OK	PGODA	OK

Because it is often difficult to determine the size of the obverse letters, this parameter has been eliminated and obverses A/B and E/F combined

Reverse Varieties

Circles of Beads	There are usually three circles of beads. On rare varieties there may be 5 circles.
Top Left Cross	To the left of Vishnu is an arrangement of dots topped by a cross shape, representing one of his wives. The number of dots that form this figure varies.
Top Right Cross	To the right of Vishnu is an arrangement of dots topped by a cross shape, representing one of his wives. The number of dots that form this figure varies.
Stop in Legend	There may or may not be a stop between the Tamil and Telugu legends.
Beads below Vishnu	There are varying numbers of beads below Vishnu. These beads are usually within the stalk, but sometimes they may be above the stalk. Beads from the inner circle often extend into the stalk. Only those beads that are definitely not part of the circles of beads count as beads below Vishnu.
Rotation of first letter of Telugu Legend	The first letter of the Telugu legend may be upside-down.
Tails to Top Cross	The crosses next to Vishnu usually have two tails, but sometimes the left, right or both tails may be re-engraved
Sword	Vishnu usually has his sword in the left Hand (LH) but very rarely there is no sword.

	I	II	IIa	III	IIIa	IV	V	VI	VII
Circles of Beads	5	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3
Top Left Cross	14	14	14	14	13	11	15	16	16
Top Right Cross	11	12	12	14	11	13	12	14	14
Stop in Legend	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Beads below Vishnu	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	2 above stalk	0
Rotation of first letter of Telugu Legend	OK	OK	OK	OK	OK	OK	OK	OK	OK
Tails to Top Cross	Two	Two	Four	Two	Two	Two	Two	Two	Two
Sword	LH	LH	LH	LH	LH	LH	LH	LH	LH

	VIII	IX	X	XI	XII	XIIa	XIIc	XIII
Circles of Beads	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3
Top Left Cross	16	16	16	16	16	16	16	14
Top Right Cross	14	14	14	14	14	14	15	16
Stop in Legend	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No	Yes	Yes
Beads below Vishnu	2	2	0	1	2	2	1	2
Rotation of first letter of Telugu Legend	OK	OK	Upside-down	OK	OK	OK	OK	OK
Tails to Top Cross	Two	Four	Two	Two	Two	Two	Two	Two
Sword	LH	LH	LH	LH	LH	None	LH	LH

Photo from Noonans, 8^th Feb ’23 (Puddester), lot 108. Described as Mint Specimen set (3.98, 3.200.3.235, 3.254, 3.271)

Madras Mint – Reformation – Silver, Quarter Pagoda 1808 to 1812

	(Persian = Pau hun phuli = quarter of a flower, or star, pagoda)		(Tamil = Kal vara kun, Telugu = Kal varahani = quarter of a pagoda)
Seven tiered Gopuram of a temple, standing on stony ground. Between seven and nine stars on each side. All this surrounded by a buckled garter. On the garter is the value in English: QUARTER PAGODA and Persian. All within a beaded border.		Figure of Vishnu usually holding a sword in his left hand. Dotted symbols on each side with crescents and lotus flowers below. All surrounded by two circles of beads. All this within a ribbon, the ends separated by a star. On the ribbon is the value in Tamil and Telugu. All within a beaded border.

Official Weight (g)	10.58
Actual Weight (g)	10.26-10.71
Actual Diameter (mm)	25.6-28.3
Composition	Silver
Edge	Grained Right
Mintage	7,091,587
Axis	↑↑

Catalogue

Cat No.

Photo Link

Obv

Rev

Obverse

Reverse

Proven’

Comments

Rarity

Buckle

Stars

Stops

Shading

Tongue

QUARTER/ PAGODA

Gopuram

Beads in Cross

Bead Below

Sword

Stop

Bead Above

Tamil

3.157

√ 341.

A

I (V)

Square

7+7

End

No

-

G

13/11

2

Bald

7 Stars. Ref: Kaslove. Kaslove believes his specimen to be reverse V but the one from the Baldwin’s sale is reverse I. There may be more than one reverse for this variety

RRR

3.158

√ 295.

B

I

Square

8+8

None

No

-

G,O

13/11

2

Ste, Noble, RJ

8 Stars

RR

3.161

√ 296c.

C

I

Square

9+9

End

No

-

A,AG

13/11

2

RJ, St James

R

3.162

√ 296e.

C

II

Square

9+9

End

No

-

A

13/11

2

None

SA

RR

3.159

√ 296.

C

III

Square

9+9

End

No

-

A, AG

13/11

2

No

Ste, Noon

R

3.160

√ 296a.

C

VI

Square

9+9

End

No

-

A

13/11

0

RJ, Spink

Ref: Kaslove

R

3.161

See above. After 3.158

3.162

See above.

3.163

√ 296g.

C

VII

Square

9+9

End

No

-

AG

13/11

0

None

Tody

RR

3.163A

√ 296i.

C

VIII

Square

9+9

End

No

-

A

13/11

0

No

RJ, Noon

R

3.164

297.

C

XVI

Square

9+9

End

No

-

11/9

0

No

Ref: seen at Baldwin’s

R

3.164C

√ 297c.

C1

VIII

Square

9+9

None

No

-

A

13/11

0

No

RJ

No crossbars on As

R

3.165

√ 298.

D

XVI

Oval

9+8

None

No

Yes

A

11/9

0

No

Ste

9+8 Stars.

RR

3.165C

√ 298c.

D1

IIIa

Oval

9+8

C+E (PA.G)

No

Yes

A

14/11

1

No

RJ

9+8 stars.

RR

3.166

√ 299.

E

VI

Oval

9+9

None

Yes

Yes

13/11

0

Ste, RJ

R

3.167

√ 300.

E

VIII

Oval

9+9

None

Yes

Yes

G, GO

13/11

0

No

Ste, Noon

R

3.167A

√ 299c.

E

IX

Oval

9+9

None

Yes

Yes

G

12/11

0

No

Ste, RJ

R

3.167C

√ 300c.

E

XIII

Oval

9+9

None

Yes

Yes

A

9/11

0

No

Noble

R

3.168

√ 301.

E

XIV

Oval

9+9

None

Yes

Yes

AG, G

11/9

0

Ste, CBG.FR

R

3.169

√ 302.

E

XVI

Oval

9+9

None

Yes

Yes

PA, A, AG, G

11/9

0

No

Ste, Bombay, Noon, Noble

Can occur with large As and O particularly noticeable in PAGODA (Ref: Thompson)

S

3.170

√ 303.

E

XVII

Oval

9+9

None

Yes

Yes

G

L:9/11 R:8/9

0

No

Ste

Reverse crosses of dots incorporated into circles of beads

R

3.171

√ 304.

E

XIX

Oval

9+9

None

Yes

Yes

G, GO

11/9

0

RH

No

Ste, Marudhar

At least 3 different reverse dies. See photos

RR

3.171C

√ 304b.

F

VIII

Oval

9+9

None

Yes

No

AG

13/11

0

No

Marudhar

R

3.172

√ 304c.

F

XVI

Oval

9+9

None

Yes

No

A, AG

11/9

0

No

Tody, ClassNG

R

3.173

√ 305.

F

XVIII

Oval

9+9

None

Yes

No

AG

11/9

0

No

No

Ste

R

3.173C

√ 305b.

F

XX

Oval

9+9

None

Yes

No

AG

11/9

0

None

Noon

RR

3.176

√ 306.

G

VIII

Oval

9+9

None

No

Yes

PA, A

13/11

0

No

Ste, RJ

R

3.177

√ 307.

G

IX

Oval

9+9

None

No

Yes

PA

12/11

0

No

Ste, RJ

R

3.177C

√ 307c.

G

Xa

Oval

9+9

None

No

Yes

PA

13/10

0

No

Noon

R

3.177D

√ 307e.

G

Xb

Oval

9+9

None

No

Yes

P

13/10

0

No

Noon

R

3.178

√ 308.

G

XVI

Oval

9+9

None

No

Yes

PA, GO

11/9

0

No

Ste, RJ

R

3.179

308a.

H

XVI

Oval

9+9

None

No

No

11/9

0

No

Ref: Kaslove

R

3.180C

√ 309c.

J

XIV

Oval

9+9

Centre

Yes

Yes

AG

11/9

0

RJ

R

3.181

√ 310.

J

XVI

Oval

9+9

Centre

Yes

Yes

A

11/9

0

No

Ste, Noble

R

3.181B

√ 310b.

J1

XIVa

Oval

9+9

Centre

Yes

No

A

11/9

0

RJ

Lotus flowers missing right of Vishnu

R

3.181C

√ 310c.

J1

XVI

Oval

9+9

Centre

Yes

No

AG

11/9

0

No

Bald

R

3.182

√ 311.

K

VI

Oval

9+9

Centre

No

Yes

A

13/11

0

Ste

R

3.182C

√ 312.

L

VI

Oval

9+9

End

Yes

Yes

A

13/11

0

Ste

R

3.183

√ 313.

L

VIII

Oval

9+9

End

Yes

Yes

A, G, O

13/11

0

No

Ste, ICE, Oswal, RJ

S

3.184

√ 314.

L

X

Oval

9+9

End

Yes

Yes

AG

13/11

0

No

No

Ste, CNG

R

3.185

√ 315.

L

XI

Oval

9+9

End

Yes

Yes

AG

11/10

0

Ste, Tody

R

3.186

√ 316.

L

XII

Oval

9+9

End

Yes

Yes

G

11/11

0

No

Ste

Centre stop might be present.

R

3.187

√ 317.

L

XIV

Oval

9+9

End

Yes

Yes

A, AG, G

11/9

0

Ste, Leu, Stacks

S

3.188

√ 317c.

L

XV

Oval

9+9

End

Yes

Yes

A

11/9

0

No

Missing

HC

RR

3.188C

√ 317d.

L

XVI

Oval

9+9

End

Yes

Yes

A, AG, G

11/9

0

No

DNW, Noon, Marudhar

R

3.188E

√ 317g.

L

XVIIIa

Oval

9+9

End

Yes

Yes

A

11/9

0

Yes

Spink

R

3.189

√ 317e.

M

VI

Oval

9+9

End

Yes

Two

A

13/11

0

SA

R

3.189C

√ 317f.

M

Xa

Oval

9+9

End

Yes

Two

A

13/10

0

No

eBay

R

3.189E

√ 317i.

M1

XVI

Oval

9+9

End

No

Two

AG

11/9

0

No

Marudhar

R

3.190

√ 318.

N

XVI

Oval

9+9

End

Yes

No

A

11/9

0

No

Ste, Tody, RJ

S

3.190C

√ 318c.

N

XIX

Oval

9+9

End

Yes

No

A

11/9

0

RH

No

Ashrith Setty

RR

3.192

√ 319c.

O

VI

Oval

9+9

End

No

Yes

A, G

13/11

0

Ste, Bombay, Noon, RJ

S

3.193

√ 320.

O

VIII

Oval

9+9

End

No

Yes

PA

13/11

0

No

Ste

S

3.193A

√ 320a.

O

VIII

Oval

9+9

End

No

Yes

A

13/11

0

No

Noon

Oval over square buckle

RR

3.193C

√ 320b

O

XIV

Oval

9+9

End

No

Yes

A

11/9

0

DNW, Noon

R

3.194

√ 320c.

O

XVI

Oval

9+9

End

No

Yes

G

11/9

0

No

Tody

R

3.195

√ 321.

P

VI

Oval

9+9

C+E

Yes

Yes

A

13/11

0

Ste

R

3.196

√ 322.

P

VIII

Oval

9+9

C+E

Yes

Yes

G

13/11

0

No

Ste

R

3.197

√ 322c.

P

XI

Oval

9+9

C+E

Yes

Yes

AG

11/10

0

RJ

R

3.198

√ 323.

P

XIII

Oval

9+9

C+E

Yes

Yes

A

9/11

0

No

Ste

R

3.199

√ 324.

P

XIV

Oval

9+9

C+E

Yes

Yes

A, G

11/9

0

Ste, HC, Noon

S

3.200

√ 325.

P

XVI

Oval

9+9

C+E

Yes

Yes

A, AG, G, GO

11/9

0

No

Ste, RJ, Noon

S

3.201

√ 326.

P

XVIII

Oval

9+9

C+E

Yes

Yes

G

11/9

0

No

No

Ste

R

3.201A

√ 326c.

P

XIX

Oval

9+9

C+E

Yes

Yes

AG

11/9

0

RH

No

RJ

RR

3.202

√ 327.

P

XX

Oval

9+9

C+E

Yes

Yes

A, G

11/9

0

None

Ste, SA

RR

3.202C

√ 327c.

Q

VI

Oval

9+9

C+E

Yes

No

AG

13/11

0

RJ

R

3.202E

√ 327e.

Q

XIII

Oval

9+9

C+E

Yes

No

A

9/11

0

No

Noble

R

RR

3.203

√ 328.

Q

XIV

Oval

9+9

C+E

Yes

No

A

11/9

0

Noble

R

3.204

√ 329.

Q

XVI

Oval

9+9

C+E

Yes

No

A, AG, G

11/9

0

No

Ste, Sov, RJ

R

3.205

330.

R

IV

Oval

9+9

C+E

No

No

13/11

1

Ref: Wiggins

R

3.206

√ 331.

R

XIII

Oval

9+9

C+E

No

No

A

9/11

0

No

Ste

R

3.207

332.

S

I

Oval

9+9

C+E

No

Yes

13/11

2

Ref: Wiggins

R

3.208

√ 333.

S

VI

Oval

9+9

C+E

No

Yes

P, A

13/11

0

Ste, RJ, Noon

Beads in left cross sometimes re-engraved. One seen with a plain edge

S

3.210

√ 334.

S

VIII

Oval

9+9

C+E

No

Yes

P

13/11

0

No

Ste

R

3.210A

√ 334b.

S

Xa

Oval

9+9

C+E

No

Yes

P

13/10

0

No

RJ

R

3.210C

√ 334c.

S

XIIIa

Oval

9+9

C+E

No

Yes

A

12/9

0

No

RJ

R

3.211

336.

S

XIV

Oval

9+9

C+E

No

Yes

11/9

0

Ref: Wiggins

R

3.212

√ 337.

S

XVI

Oval

9+9

C+E

No

Yes

A

11/9

0

No

RJ

Exists with first R over O. See photos

R

3.212A

√ 337c.

S

XVI

Oval

9+9

C+E

No

Yes

AG

11/9

0

No

Marudhar

Most of the garter at bottom of obverse is missing

RR

3.213

√ 338.

S

XIX

Oval

9+9

C+E

No

Yes

G

11/9

0

RH

No

Ste

RR

3.214

√ 339.

T

XVI

Oval

9+9

C+E

No

Yes

PAPAGODA

AP

11/9

0

No

Ste, Tody

RRR

3.215

√ 339c.

U

XVI

Oval

9+9

End

No

Yes

PAGOD

G

11/9

0

No

Vikram Coins, RJ

RRR

3.216

√ 340.

V

XVI

Oval

9+9

C+E

Yes

Yes

QUARTE

A, GO

11/9

0

No

Noon, HC, RJ

See photos for one with a centre stop on the E

RR

3.216C

√ 340b.

W

IVa

Square

10+10

None

No

-

G

13/11

0

No

RJ

No star on reverse

RRR

3.216E

√ 340e.

W

VI

Square

10+10

None

No

-

G

13/11

0

Yes

M&E

RRR

3.216G

√ 340c.

W

XVI

Square

10+10

None

No

-

G

11/9

0

No

DNW

RRR

Rarity of the minor varieties is unknown. Some may be very rare

Obverse Varieties

The letter the gopuram points to varies, as on the half pagoda. The letter can be determined by holding a ruler up the central spine of the gopuram. If the ruler touches a letter, including the serif or edge of the letter, then the gopuram is considered to point to that letter. The letters are shown in the listings above, but this is far from complete.

Buckle Shape	The buckle may be square or oval.
Number of stars	The number of stars on each side of the gopuram can vary.
Stops in Legend	The English legend may contain no stops, a centre stop alone, an end stop alone, or a centre stop plus an end stop (C+E).
Shading in buckle	The shading may or may not extend into the buckle.
Cross tongue	The buckle may or may not have a cross-tongue. If any part of the cross-tongue is visible, it is considered to have a cross-tongue.
Spelling of QUARTER PAGODA	QUARTER may be mis-spelt QUARTE. PAGODA may be mis-spelt PAPAGODA or PAGOD.

	A	B	C	C1	D	D1	E	F	G
Buckle Shape	Square	Square	Square	Square	Oval	Oval	Oval	Oval	Oval
Number of stars	7+7	8+8	9+9	9+9	9+8	9+8	9+9	9+9	9+9
Stops in Legend	End	None	End	None	None	C+E (PA.G)	None	None	None
Shading in buckle	No	No	No	No	No	No	Yes	Yes	No
Cross tongue	-	-	-	-	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes
Spelling of QUARTER	Correct	Correct	Correct	Correct	Correct	Correct	Correct	Correct	Correct
Spelling of PAGODA	Correct	Correct	Correct	Correct	Correct	Correct	Correct	Correct	Correct

	H	J	J1	K	L	M	M1	N
Buckle Shape	Oval	Oval	Oval	Oval	Oval	Oval	Oval	Oval
Number of stars	9+9	9+9	9+9	9+9	9+9	9+9	9+9	9+9
Stops in Legend	None	Centre	Centre	Centre	End	End	End	End
Shading in buckle	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes
Cross tongue	No	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Two	Two	No
Spelling of QUARTER	Correct	Correct	Correct	Correct	Correct	Correct	Correct	Correct
Spelling of PAGODA	Correct	Correct	Correct	Correct	Correct	Correct	Correct	Correct

	O	P	Q	R	S	T	U	V	W
Buckle Shape	Oval	Oval	Oval	Oval	Oval	Oval	Oval	Oval	Square
Number of stars	9+9	9+9	9+9	9+9	9+9	9+9	9+9	9+9	10+10
Stops in Legend	End	C+E	C+E	C+E	C+E	C+E	End	C+E	None
Shading in buckle	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No	Yes	No
Cross tongue	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	-
Spelling of QUARTER	Correct	Correct	Correct	Correct	Correct	Correct	Correct	QUARTE	Correct
Spelling of PAGODA	Correct	Correct	Correct	Correct	Correct	PAPAGODA	PAGOD.	Correct	Correct

Reverse Varieties

The outer circle of beads may be continuous or interrupted below Vishnu with reverses VI, VIII, XIV and XVI occurring with both. This has not been used as a distinguishing feature (ie separate reverses)

Top Left Cross	To the left of Vishnu is an arrangement of dots topped by a cross shape, representing one of his wives. The number of dots that form this figure varies. Very rarely, one of the beads may be incorporated into the inner circle of beads. The number of beads in the cross is then expressed as, e.g. 9/11.
Top Right Cross	To the right of Vishnu is an arrangement of dots topped by a cross shape, representing one of his wives. The number of dots that form this figure varies. Very rarely, two of the beads may be incorporated into the inner circle of beads. The number of beads in the cross is then expressed as, e.g. 8/9.
Bead below Vishnu	There may be zero, one or two beads below Vishnu's feet within the stalk of the lotus flower. These beads are separate from those that form part of the circles of beads.
Vishnu's Sword	The facing figure of Vishnu usually holds a sword in his left hand, but rarer examples exist with the sword in his right hand, or no sword at all.
Stop in Legend	There may or may not be a stop between the Tamil and Telugu legends.
Bead above Vishnu	There is sometimes a single bead above Vishnu's head. This bead is sometimes incorporated into the inner ring of beads. If it is clearly distinct, it is considered to have a bead above, but if there is doubt, then NO bead is considered to be present
Tamil	The third letter from the bottom of the Tamil legend at left may be missing.
Lotus Flowers	The four lotus flowers to the right of Vishnu may be missing

I

II

III

IIIa

IV

IVa

V

VI

VII

VIII

IX

X

Xa

Top Left Cross

13

13

13

14

13

13

13

13

13

13

12

13

13

Top Right Cross

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

10

Bead below Vishnu

2

2

2

1

1

1

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

Vishnu's Sword

Left Hand

None

Left Hand

Left Hand

Left Hand

Left Hand

Left Hand

Left Hand

None

Left Hand

Left Hand

Left Hand

Left Hand

Stop in Legend

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

No

Yes

Bead above Vishnu

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

No

No

Tamil

OK

OK

OK

OK

OK

OK

OK

OK

OK

OK

OK

OK

OK

Lotus Flowers

OK

OK

OK

OK

OK

OK

OK

OK

OK

OK

OK

OK

OK

Xb

XI

XII

XIII

XIIIa

XIV

XIVa

XV

XVI

XVII

XVIII

XVIIIa

XIX

XX

Top Left Cross

13

11

11

9

12

11

11

11

11

9/11

11

11

11

11

Top Right Cross

10

10

11

11

9

9

9

9

9

8/9

9

9

9

9

Bead below Vishnu

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Vishnu's Sword

Left Hand

Left Hand

Left Hand

Left Hand

Left Hand

Left Hand

Left Hand

Left Hand

Left Hand

Left Hand

Left Hand

Left Hand

Right Hand

None

Stop in Legend

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

No

Yes

Yes

Bead above Vishnu

Yes

Yes

No

No

No

Yes

Yes

No

No

No

No

Yes

No

Yes

Tamil

OK

OK

OK

OK

OK

OK

OK

Missing

OK

OK

OK

OK

OK

OK

Lotus Flowers

OK

OK

OK

OK

OK

OK

Missing

OK

OK

OK

OK

OK

OK

OK

Example of a contemporary forgery. Wt = 9.12g. Diam = 26.1-26.9mm (from Bob Johnston)

Madras Mint – Reformation – Silver, Five Fanams 1808 to 1812

	(Persian = Panj Falam = Five fanams)		(Tamil = Anacu panam, Telugu = Aedu rukalu = Five fanams)
The value in Persian within a buckled garter. On the garter is the value in English: FIVE FANAMS All within a beaded border.		The value in Telugu in two lines surrounded by a ribbon, the ends of which are separated by a star. On the ribbon is the value in Tamil. All within a beaded border.

Official Weight (g)	4.65
Actual Weight (g)	3.92-4.74
Actual Diameter (mm)	20.5-22.7
Composition	Silver
Edge	Grained Right
Axis	↑↑
Mintage	3,953,694

Catalogue

Cat No.

Photo Link

Obv

Rev

Obverse

Reverse

Provenance

Comments

Rarity

Buckle

Stops

Shading

Tongue

Tamil

Star

3.217

√ 342.

A

I

Large Sq

None

No

-

Inward

Ste, HC, Noonan

S

3.218

√ 342c.

B

II

Short Sq

None

No

Yes

Outward

HC

RR

3.218A

√ 342d.

B

III

Short Sq

None

No

Yes

Inward

Absent

SA

RRR

3.218C

√ 342e.

B1

I

Short Sq

None

No

No

Outward

HC

RR

3.219

343.

C

I

Short Sq

Centre

No

No

Inward

SNC. April 1980, p.147, No. 3030. No photo.

RR

3.220

√ 355.

D

I

Short Sq

Centre

No

Yes

Inward

Ste, HC, Noon

Many have the serifs on E touching making the word look like FIVB

S

3.221

√ 355c.

E

I

Long Sq

Centre

No

-

Inward

HC, Noon

S

3.221C

√ 355f.

E

IV

Long Sq

Centre

No

-

Inward. Na inverted

HC

RR

3.222

355e.

F

I

Long Sq

None

No

-

Inward

RR

3.223

√ 355g.

F

II

Long Sq

None

No

-

Outward

HC

RR

3.224

√ 344.

G

I

Square

None

No

No

Inward

HC

S

3.225

√ 344c.

H

I

Square

None

No

Yes

Inward

HC,SA

S

3.225C

√ 344e.

H1

I

Square

Centre

No

Yes

Inward

HC, RJ

S

3.225E

√ 344g.

H1

IV

Square

Centre

No

Yes

Inward Na inverted

HC

RR

3.226

√ 345.

I

I

Oval

None

No

Yes

Inward

Ste, HC

S

3.227

√ 346.

I

I

Oval

None

No

Yes

Inward

Ste

Axis: ↑↓

RR

3.228

√ 346c.

I

II

Oval

None

No

Yes

Outward

HC

RR

3.229

√ 347.

J

I

Oval

None

Yes

Yes

Inward

Ste, Noon, Her

S

3.230

√ 348.

J

I

Oval

None

Yes

Yes

Inward

Ste

Edge grained left.

RR

3.231

√ 349.

K

I

Oval

None

Yes

No

Inward

Ste, Noon

S

3.233

√ 351.

L

II

Dots

None

No

Yes

Outward

RJ, Noon

RR

3.234

√ 352.

M

I

Oval

Centre

No

Yes

Inward

Ste, Noon, HC

S

3.235

√ 353.

N

I

Oval

Centre

Yes

Yes

Inward

Ste, RJ, DNW, Noon

Some examples have shading on the left side of a disjointed buckle. See photos.

S

3.236

√ 354.

O

I

Oval

Centre

Yes

No

Inward

Ste, Noon, Stack

R

3.237

√ 356.

P

I

Dots

Centre

No

-

Inward

Ste, HC, Noble

Proof-like specimen in BM. Some have the serifs touching on the E making the word look like FIVB. These were previously listed as 3.240, Q/I.

R

3.238

√ 357.

P

II

Dots

Centre

No

-

Outward

Ste, HC, RJ, Noon

R

3.239

√ 356c.

P

III

Dots

Centre

No

-

Inward

Absent

HC

RRR

3.241

√ 358.

R

I

Oval

C+E

Yes

Yes

Inward

HC, Nummus

RR

3.241C

√ 358c.

S

I

Oval

C+E

No

Yes

Inward

Craig, SA

RR

Obverse Varieties

Buckle Shape	The buckle may be square (large, short or long), oval, or formed with dots. Some oval buckles may appear square but can be differentiated by the rounded corners and the shape of the tongue.
Stops in legend	The English legend may contain no stops, a centre stop alone or a centre stop plus an end stop (C+E).
Shading in buckle	The shading may or may not extend into the buckle.
Cross tongue	The buckle may or may not have a cross-tongue.

	A	B	B1	C	D	E	F	G	H	H1
Buckle Shape	Large Square	Short Square	Short Square	Short Square	Short Square	Long Square	Long Square	Square	Square	Square
Stops in legend	None	None	None	Centre	Centre	Centre	None	None	None	Centre
Shading in buckle	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
Cross tongue	-	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	Yes	Yes

	I	J	K	L	M	N	O	P	R	S
Buckle Shape	Oval	Oval	Oval	Dots	Oval	Oval	Oval	Dots	Oval	Oval
Stops in legend	None	None	None	None	Centre	Centre	Centre	Centre	C+E	C+E
Shading in buckle	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No
Cross tongue	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes

Reverse Varieties

Tamil Legend	The top of the Tamil legend may face inward or outward. The second letter from the right Na may be inverted.
Star	The star between the ends of the ribbon may be present or absent.

	I	II	III	IV
Tamil Legend	Inward	Outward	Inward	Inward. Na inverted
Star	Present	Present	Absent	Present

Madras Mint – Reformation – Silver, Two Fanams 1808 to 1812

	(Persian = Do falam = Double fanam)		(Telugu = Renddu rukalu, Tamil = Irantu panam = Two fanams)
The value in Persian within a buckled garter. On the garter is the value in English: DOUBLE FANAM All within a beaded border.		The value in Telugu in two lines surrounded by a ribbon, the ends of which are separated by a star. On the ribbon is the value in Tamil. All within a beaded border.

Official Weight (g)	1.85
Actual Weight (g)	1.70-1.92
Actual Diameter (mm)	14.1-15.9
Composition	Silver
Edge	Grained Right
Axis	↑↑
Mintage	6,044,350

Catalogue

Cat No.

Photo Link

Obv

Rev

Obverse

Reverse

Provenance

Comments

Rarity

Buckle

Legend

Marks

Stop

Shading

Tamil

3.242

√ 359.

A

II

Short Square

U

No

No

Outward

Ste, HC, RJ, Noon

Kaslove has one with no diacritical marks. Also occurs with the axis ↑↓. Also one that appears to have B over last E of DOUBLE. Also, with and without tongue in buckle. See Photos.

C

3.243

√ 360.

B

II

Short Square

U

Yes

No

Outward

Ste

Ref: Thompson.

RR

3.244

√ 361.

C

II

Short Square

U+M

No

No

Outward

Ste, Tody

R

3.246

√ 363.

E

II

Short Square

DOBLE

U

No

No

Outward

Ste, Noon

DOBLE

RR

3.247

√ 364.

F

II

Square

FANM

U

No

No

Outward

Ste

FANM

RR

3.248

√365.

G

II

Square

DOBBLE

U

No

No

Outward

Ste, RJ

U over first B in DOBBLE

RR

3.249

√ 366.

H

II

Square

U+M

No

No

Outward

RJ, Noon

R

3.249C

√ 366c.

H1

II

Square

U

No

No

Outward

RJ, Marudhar

R

3.250

√ 367.

I

I

Short Oval

U+M

No

No

Inward

Ste, Noon

S

3.251

√ 368.

J

I

Short Oval

U+M

No

Yes

Inward

RJ

R

3.252

√ 369.

K

I

Short Oval

M

No

No

Inward

Ste, RJ

R

3.253

√ 370.

L

I

Short Oval

U

No

Yes

Inward

Ste

R

3.254

√ 371.

M

I

Short Oval

U

No

No

Inward

Ste, Noon

N

3.256

√ 373.

O

I

Long Oval

U+M

No

No

Inward

Ste, Noon

N

3.256A

√ 373b.

O

II

Long Oval

U+M

No

No

Outward

Tody

RR

3.257

√ 374.

P

I

Long Oval

M

No

No

Inward

Ste

R

3.258

√ 374c.

P

II

Long Oval

M

No

No

Outward

SA

R

3.259

√ 375.

Q

I

Long Oval

U

No

No

Inward

Ste, RJ, Noon

S

3.260

√ 376.

R

I

Long Oval

U+M+L

No

No

Inward

Ste

R

3.261

√ 377.

S

I

Long Oval

M+L

Yes

No

Inward

Ste, HC

R

3.262

√ 378.

T

I

Long Oval

FANAW

U

No

No

Inward

HC, Noon

RR

3.262C

√ 378b.

T1

I

Rounded Oval

U+M

No

Yes

Inward

Noon, RJ

RR

3.263

√ 378c.

U

I

Dots

U+M

No

No

Inward

RJ

RR

3.264

√ 379.

U

II

Dots

U+M

No

No

Outward

Ste

RR

3.265

√ 380.

V

II

Dots

U

Yes

No

Outward

HC

R

3.265C

√ 380c.

W

I

Dots

FANAMƧ

U+M

No

No

Inward

HC, RJ

Obscured retrograde S. O over U in DOUBLE

RR

3.266

√ 381.

W

II

Dots

FANAMƧ

U+M

No

No

Outward

RJ, Ste

Retrograde S. O Over U in DOUBLE

RR

3.267

√ 381c.

X

I

None

U

No

-

Inward

RJ

RR

3.267A

√ 382.

X

II

None

U

No

-

Outward

RJ

RR

Obverse Varieties

Buckle Shape	The buckle may be short square, square, short oval, long oval, rounded oval, formed with dots or there may be no buckle.
Spelling of Legend	The legend may be mis-spelt, e.g. DOUBLE may be spelt DOBLE or DOBBLE, and FANAM spelt FANM, FANAMƧ or FANAW.
Diacritical marks	There should be one diacritical mark in the Persian legend. This mark is above the central legend (upper mark - U). There may be an extra dot within the letters (mid mark - M), or another mark below the letters (lower mark - L) or various combinations. The mid-mark is not a diacritical mark and is probably a remnant from engraving the circles that form the ribbon.
Stop in Legend	There may or may not be a stop in the legend
Shading in Buckle	The shading may or may not extend into the buckle

	A	B	C	E	F	G	H
Buckle Shape	Short Square	Short Square	Short Square	Short Square	Square	Square	Square
Spelling of Legend	Correct	Correct	Correct	DOBLE FANAM	DOUBLE FANM	DOBBLE FANAM	Correct
Diacritical marks	U	U	U+M	U	U	U	U+M
Stop in Legend	No	Yes	No	No	No	No	No
Shading in Buckle	No	No	No	No	No	No	No

	H1	I	J	K	L	M
Buckle Shape	Square	Short Oval	Short Oval	Short Oval	Short Oval	Short Oval
Spelling of Legend	Correct	Correct	Correct	Correct	Correct	Correct
Diacritical marks	U	U+M	U+M	M	U	U
Stop in Legend	No	No	No	No	No	No
Shading in Buckle	No	No	Yes	No	Yes	No

	O	P	Q	R	S	T
Buckle Shape	Long Oval	Long Oval	Long Oval	Long Oval	Long Oval	Long Oval
Spelling of Legend	Correct	Correct	Correct	Correct	Correct	FANAW
Diacritical marks	U+M	M	U	U+M+L	M+L	U
Stop in Legend	No	No	No	No	No	No
Shading in Buckle	No	No	No	No	No	No

	T1	U	V	W	X
Buckle Shape	Rounded Oval	Dots	Dots	Dots	No Buckle
Spelling of Legend	Correct	Correct	Correct	FANAMƧ (retrograde S)	Correct
Diacritical marks	U+M	U+M	U	U+M	U
Stop in Legend	No	No	Yes	No	No
Shading in Buckle	Yes	No	No	No	-

The former obverse D has been deleted since it was found to be the same as obverse B

Reverse Varieties

Tamil legend

The top of the Tamil legend may face inwards or outwards

	I	II
Tamil legend	Inward	Outward

Madras Mint – Reformation – Silver, Fanam 1808 to 1812

	(Persian = falam = fanam)		(Telugu = ruka, Tamil = panam = fanam)
The value in Persian surrounded by a buckled garter. On the garter is the value in English. All within a beaded border.		The value in Telugu in one line surrounded by a ribbon, the ends of which are separated by a star. On the ribbon is the value in Tamil. All within a beaded border

Official Weight (g)	0.88
Actual Weight (g)	0.83-0.96
Actual Diameter (mm)	10.4-12.4
Composition	Silver
Edge	Grained Right
Axis	↑↑
Mintage	1,545,412

Catalogue

Cat No.	Photo Link	Obv	Obverse			Provenance	Comments	Rarity
			Buckle	Mark	FANAM
3.268	√ 383.	A	Oval	Yes		Ste, HC, SA, Noon		N
3.269	√ 384.	B	Oval	No		Ste, HC, Noon		S
3.270	√ 384c.	C	Large Oval	No	Retro N	HC		RRR
3.270A	√ 384e.	C1	Large Oval	No		Craig, Marudhar, HC		R
3.271	√ 385.	D	Round	No		Ste, HC, Noon,	Occurs with and without a tongue in the buckle. See photos	S
3.271A	√ 385c.	D1	Long Round	No		HC, ClassNG	Specimens exist with and without tongue in buckle. See photos	R
3.271C	√ 385e.	D2	Short Round	No?		Jay Raiveeson		RR
3.272	√ 386c.	E	Square	Yes		Noon		RR
3.272C	√ 386.	E1	Curved Square	Yes		RJ, Noble		RR
3.273	√ 387.	F	Dots	Yes		HC, RJ	Ref: SNC September 1976, p. 319. Also, SNC April 1980, p. 147. Occurs with and without a tongue in the buckle. The number of dots in the buckle varies. See photos.	R
3.273C	√ 387c.	F1	Dots	No		RJ, HC	Occurs with and without a tongue in the buckle. The number of dots in the buckle varies. See photos.	R
3.274	√ 388.	G	None	Yes		Ste, HC, Noon		R

Obverse Varieties

Buckle Shape	The buckle may be oval, large oval, round, long round, short round, square or formed with dots.
Diacritical mark	There may or may not be a diacritical mark.
Letters in FANAM	The letters in FANAM may be correct or there may be a retrograde N

A

B

C

C1

D

D1

D2

E

E1

F

F1

G

Buckle Shape

Oval

Oval

Large Oval

Large Oval

Round

Long Round

Short Round

Square

Curved Square

Dots

Dots

No Buckle

Diacritical mark

Yes

No

No

No

No

No

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

Letters in FANAM

Correct

Correct

retro N

Correct

Correct

Correct

Correct

Correct

Correct

Correct

Correct

Correct

Madras Mint – Reformation – Copper, Forty Cash 1807

The value in Persian and English. (Persian = In chahal kas ast = This is forty cash).		Value in Tamil and Telugu. (Telugu = Idi nalabhai kasulu, Tamil = Idu naipadu kasu = this is forty Cash).

Official Weight (g)	19.31
Actual Weight (g)	18.03-20.07
Actual Diameter (mm)	35.0-37.7
Composition	Copper
Edge	Plain
Axis	Varies. See below
Mintage (to March 1808)	514,922

Catalogue

Cat No.

Photo Link

Obv

Rev

Obverse

Reverse

Axis

Provenance

Comments

Rarity

Separator

XL

Tamil

Separator

Letters

3.275

√ 389.

A

I

Plain

XL.

Correct

2 Dots/Star

4

↑↑

Ste, SA, Bald

RR

3.275C

√ 389c.

A

Ia

Plain

XL.

Correct

Dots

4

↑↑

RJ, Noon

RR

3.276

√ 390.

A

II

Plain

XL.

Correct

None

4

↑↑

Ste, Tody, Noon, Anantha Raghuraman

Some examples have a decoration at the bottom of the reverse. See photos.

R

3.276C

390c.

A

IV

Plain

XL.

Square

None

3

↑↑

Ref: BM 12360

RR

3.277

391.

A

VII

Plain

XL.

Square

None

4 small

↑↑

Ref:BM

RR

3.278

√ 393.

B

I

2 Plain

XL.

Correct

2 Dots/Star

4

↑↑

Ste, Noon, Bald

Ref: BM

S

3.279

394.

B

I

2 Plain

XL.

Correct

2 Dots/Star

4

↑↓

Ref: Withers

RR

3.280

√ 395.

B

II

2 Plain

XL.

Correct

None

4

↑↑

Ste, Bald

R

3.281

396.

B

II

2 Plain

XL.

Correct

None

4

↑↓

Ref: BM

RR

3.282

396c.

B

III

2 Plain

XL.

Modified

None

4

↑↑

Ref: Weir

RR

3.283

√ 397.

B

IV

2 Plain

XL.

Square

None

3

↑↑

Ste

RR

3.283C

√ 399.

B1

I

2 Plain

X.L.

Correct

2 Dots/Star

4

↑↑

RJ

RR

3.283E

√ 399c.

B1

V

2 Plain

X.L.

Square

None

4 large

↑↑

Bald

RR

3.284

√ 398.

B1

VII

2 Plain

X.L.

Square

None

4 small

↑↑

RJ

RR

3.285

√ 400.

C

III

Dash/3 dots/star

XL.

Modified

None

4

↑↑

Ste, HC, Bald, Noon

R

3.286

√ 401b.

C

V

Dash/3 dots/star

XL.

Square

None

4 large

↑↑

RJ

RR

3.287

√ 401.

C

VII

Dash/3 dots/star

XL.

Square

None

4 small

↑↑

Marudhar

RR

3.287C

√ 401e.

D

III

Dash/4 dots/star

XL.

Modified

None

4

↑↑

RJ

RR

3.288

√ 401c.

D

V

Dash/4 dots/star

XL.

Square

None

4 large

↑↓

Ste

RR

3.289

√ 402.

D

V

Dash/4 dots/star

XL.

Square

None

4 large

↑↑

Ste, RJ

RR

3.289C

√ 402c.

E

III

Dash/5 dots/star

XL.

Modified

None

4

↑↑

RJ

RR

3.289E

√ 402e.

E

V

Dash/5 dots/star

XL.

Square

None

4 large

↑↑

Tody

RR

3.290

√ 403.

E

VII

Dash/5 dots/star

XL.

Square

None

4 small

↑↑

Ste, Bald, RJ, Noon, SA

S

3.291

√ 403c.

F

V

Dash/5 dots/star

X.L

Square

None

4 large

↑↑

Bald, Tody

R

Some coins have a row of dots at the bottom of the obverse but since they may be off the flan or weakly struck, they are not used as a distinguishing feature

Obverse Varieties

Separator	The line separating the Persian from the English legends differs. It may be a single plain line, two parallel plain lines, or a number of dots and stars.
XL	The numerals XL are usually followed by a stop. On some coins the stop comes after the X or after both X and L

	A	B	B1	C	D	E	F
Separator	Plain	2 Plain	2 Plain	Dash/3 dots/star	Dash/4dots/star	Dash/5 dots/star	Dash/5 dots/star
XL	XL dot	XL dot	X dot L dot	XL dot.	XL dot	XL dot	X dot L

Reverse Varieties

There may or may not be a tiny dot in the centre of the reverse. This is probably an engraving remnant and is not a distinguishing feature. The former reverse VI is therefore now considered to be reverse V.

First Tamil Letter	The first letter in the Tamil legend may take a number of different forms. This might be the correct form, a modified form or a square form.
Middle Tamil Letters	Letters in the middle of the first line of the Tamil legend vary.
Separator	The line separating the Tamil from the Telugu legends differs. It may be two dots and a star, dots alone, or no separator.
Letters on bottom line	Coins with the square form of the first Tamil letter come in three varieties. One with small letters and the usual 4 letters on the bottom line, one with larger (normal) letters and the usual 4 letters in the bottom line, and the last with larger letters and only 3 letters on the bottom line. The letter that normally appears at the start of the bottom line, appears at the end of the previous line in the last variety.

	I	Ia	II	III	IV	V	VII
First Tamil Letter	Correct	Correct	Correct	Modified	Square	Square	Square
Middle Tamil Letters	2 Square	2 Square	2 Square	1 rounded	1 rounded	1 rounded	1 rounded
Separator	2 Dots/Star	Dots	None	None	None	None	None
Letters on bottom line	4	4	4	4	3	4 large	4 small

Madras Mint – Reformation – Copper, Twenty Cash 1807

The value in Persian and English (Persian = In bist kas ast = this is twenty cash). Top photo in three lines. Bottom in two.		Value in Tamil and Telugu. (Telugu = Idi iravai kasulu, Tamil = Idu irubadu kasu = this is twenty cash)

Official Weight (g)	9.65
Actual Weight (g)	7.97-10.25
Actual Diameter (mm)	25.9-27.4
Composition	Copper
Edge	Plain
Axis	Varies. See below
Mintage (to March 1808)	3,016,822

Catalogue

Cat No.

Photo Link

Obv

Rev

Obverse

Reverse

Axis

Provenance

Comments

Rarity

Persian

Separator

Stop

Tamil

Letters

3.292

√ 404.

A

I

3 Lines

Plain

Yes

Correct

↑↑

HC, RJ

30mm flan. Usually weakly struck

RR

3.292A

√ 404b.

A

I

3 Lines

Plain

Yes

Correct

↑↑

RJ

This coin and the following are struck on smaller flans (26-27mm)

RR

3.293

√ 404c.

A

II

3 Lines

Plain

Yes

Modified

↑↑

Ste

RR

3.293A

√ 404e.

A

III

3 Lines

Plain

Yes

Square

Jay Raiveeson

NB 4^th letter in 3^rd line differs slightly from normal. See photo.

RR

3.294

405.

A

V

3 Lines

Plain

Yes

Malformed square

?

Recorded from Pridmore

RR

3.295

√ 405c.

B

I

3 Lines

Dash/3 dots/Star

Yes

Correct

↑↑

Bald, Noon

RR

3.296

√ 406.

B

II

3 Lines

Dash/3 dots/Star

Yes

Modified

↑↑

Ste, Noon

See photos for slightly different stars in separator

S

3.296C

√ 406c.

B

III

3 Lines

Dash/3 dots/Star

Yes

Square

↑↑

RJ

See photos for coin with dots shaped liked crescents in the obverse separator

R

3.297

√ 407.

B

III

3 Lines

Dash/3 dots/Star

Yes

Square

↑↓

Ste

R

3.297C

√ 407c.

B1

II

3 Lines

Dash/3 dots/Star

No

Modified

↑↑

Noon, Bald

RR

3.298

√ 408.

C

II

3 Lines

Dash/4 dots/Star

Yes

Modified

↑↑

Ste

See photos for a specimen with an extra tiny dot next to the star and specimens with some or all of the dots in the obverse separator shaped like crescents

S

3.299

√ 408c.

C

II

3 Lines

Dash/4 dots/Star

Yes

Modified

↑↓

RJ

R

3.299C

√ 408e.

C

III

3 Lines

Dash/4 dots/Star

Yes

Square

↑↑

RJ

R

3.300

√ 409.

C

III

3 Lines

Dash/4 dots/Star

Yes

Square

↑↓

Ste, Noble

R

3.301

√ 410.

D

II

3 Lines

Dash/4 dots/Star

No

Modified

↑↑

RJ, Ste

R

3.302

√ 411.

D

III

3 Lines

Dash/4 dots/Star

No

Square

↑↑

Ste, Noon

R

3.304

412.

D

III

3 Lines

Dash/4 dots/Star

No

Square

?

Striking in lead. SNC April 1980. Not sure about authenticity

RRR

3.305

√ 412c.

D

IV

3 Lines

Dash/4 dots/Star

No

Square

Missing

↑↓

HC

RR

3.305C

√ 412e.

D1

II

3 Lines

Dash/4/5 dots/Star

Yes

Modified

↑↑

RJ

RR

3.306

√ 413c.

E

III

3 Lines

Dash/4 cups/Star

No

Square

↑↑

RJ

RR

3.307

√ 413e.

E1

III

2 Lines

Dash3/ cups/Star

Yes

Square

↑↑

RJ

RR

3.308

√ 415.

F

III

2 Lines

Dash/4 dots/Star

Yes

Square

↑↑

RJ, HC, Noon

Exists as a special strike (Johnston). See photos

RR

3.309

√ 416.

F

III

2 Lines

Dash/4 dots/Star

Yes

Square

↑↓

RJ

RR

3.310

√ 417.

G

III

2 Lines

Dash/4 dots/Star

No

Square

↑↑

Ste, HC, Noon

RR

3.311

√ 418.

G

III

2 Lines

Dash/4 dots/Star

No

Square

↑↓

Ste, Bald

Also Ref: Weir. List issued Sept 2000.

RR

3.312

419.

H

III

2 Lines

Dots

Yes

Square

↑↑

Ref: BM (1935.0401.12370 or 12379?)

RRR

3.313

419c.

H

III

2 Lines

Dots

Yes

Square

↑↓

Ref: Weir.

RRR

Obverse A, A1 and A2 sometimes have a stop after CASH and/or an ornament at the bottom of the obverse and occasionally on the reverse. This has not beenused as a distinguishing feature because this area is often off the flan

Obverse Varieties

Arrangement of legend	The Persian letters may be arranged in different ways. Normally in three lines but may be in two
Separator	The line separating the Persian from the English legends differs. It may be a single plain line, a number of dots and stars, or a number of dots alone. The shape of the star varies, and the dots sometimes appear as crescents. Only worn specimens with no separator have been examined. The absence of the separator may therefore simply be due to wear and is not recorded as a variety.
Stop After XX	There is usually a stop after the value letters XX. Sometimes this is missing.

	A	B	B1	C	D	D1	E	E1	F	G	H
Arrangement of legend	3 lines	3 lines	3 lines	3 lines	3 lines	3 lines	3 lines	2 Lines	2 lines	2 lines	2 lines
Separator	Plain	Dash/ 3 dots/ Star	Dash/ 3 dots/ Star	Dash/ 4 dots/ Star	Dash/ 4 dots/ Star	Dash/ 4/5 dots	Dash/ 4 cups/ Star	Dash/3 cups/ Star	Dash/ 4 dots/ Star	Dash/4 dots/ Star	Dots
Stop After XX	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes

Reverse Varieties

There may or may not be a tiny dot in the centre of the reverse. This is probably an engraving remnant and is not a distinguishing feature.

Tamil Letter	The first and third letter in the Tamil legend may take a number of different forms. This might be the correct form, a modified form, a square form, or a square form without the central upright (NoU). This last variety has been recorded from Pridmore and may be the result of the letter not being fully visible on the flan, rather than a die variety.
Missing Letters	On one variety several letters are engraved differently or missing.

	I	II	III	IV	V
Tamil Letter	Correct	Modified	Square	Square	Malformed Square
Missing Letters	No	No	No	Yes	No

Madras Mint – Reformation – Copper, Ten Cash 1807

The diameter of the flans can vary quite considerably. Pridmore records a separate catalogue entry for a very large flan specimen. However, my investigations indicate that this is simply a coin at the extremity of the spectrum of diameters.

The value in Persian and English. (Persian = In dah kas ast = this is ten cash)		The value in Tamil and Telugu. (Telugu = Idi padi kasulu, Tamil = Idu pattu kasu = this is ten Cash)

Official Weight (g)	4.83
Actual Weight (g)	4.24-5.20
Actual Diameter (mm)	22.7-26.8
Composition	Copper
Edge	Plain
Mintage (to March 1808)	2,127,922

Catalogue

Cat No.

Photo Link

Obv

Rev

Obverse

Reverse

Axis

Provenance

Comments

Rarity

Separator

Stop

Letter

Separator

Tamil

Letter at Bottom

3.314

√ 420.

A

I

Plain

Yes

None

Correct

↑↑

Bald, Noon

Stop after CASH and ornament at bottom of obverse.

RR

3.315

√ 420c.

A

II

Plain

Yes

None

Modified

?

Ste, Bald

R

3.316

√ 421.

A

IV

Plain

Yes

None

Square

↑↑

Ste, RJ

RR

3.317

√ 422.

A

V

Plain

Yes

Line

Square

↑↑

Ste (Jay Lion), Noon, Bald

Some have larger diameter than others (Pr 233). Occurs with various combinations of stop after CASH & ornaments at bottom of obv and rev.

C

3.317A

√ 422a.

A

V

Plain

Yes

Line

Square

↑↑

RJ

Colon after X and CA over AS in CASH

RR

3.317C

√ 422b.

A1

V

Plain

Yes

Missing

Line

Square

↑↑

RJ, Ste

Stop after CASH. Ornament at bottom of obverse.

RR

3.317E

√ 422c.

A2

V

Plain

No

Line

Square

?

Coins Art, Noon

Stop after CASH. Ornament at bottom of obverse on some coins

RR

3.318

√ 425.

B

II

2 Plain

No

None

Modified

↑↑

Ste

RR

3.318A

√ 425c.

B

II

2 Plain

No

None

Modified

↑↓

Noon

RR

3.319

√ 426.

B

V

2 Plain

No

Line

Square

↑↑

Marudhar

Ref: Thompson

RR

3.320

√ 427.

C

II

Dash/3 Dots/Star

Yes

None

Modified

↑↑

Ste

R

3.321

√ 428c.

C

III

Dash/3 Dots/Star

Yes

None

Modified

Inverted

↑↓

Ste, RJ, Bald

R

3.322

√ 429.

C

IV

Dash3 Dots/Star

Yes

None

Square

↑↑

Ste, Noon, Noble

R

3.323

√ 429c.

D

II

Dash/5 Dots

Yes

None

Modified

↑↑

RJ, Bald, Noon

R

3.324

√ 430.

D

IV

Dash/5 dots

Yes

None

Square

↑↑

RJ, Noon

S

3.324A

√ 430a.

D

IV

Dash/5 dots

Yes

None

Square

↑↓

RJ

R

3.324C

√ 430b.

E

II

Dash/5 dots

No

None

Modified

↑↑

RJ, Marudhar

RR

3.325

√ 430c.

E

IV

Dash/5 dots

No

None

Square

↑↑

RJ, Noon, Marudhar

R

3.326

√ 431.

F

IV

Dash/6 dots

Yes

None

Square

↑↑

RJ, SA, Noon

S

3.326C

√ 431b.

F1

III

Dash/7 dots

Yes

None

Modified

Inverted

↑↑

Ste, RJ

RR

3.326D

√ 431d.

F1

IV

Dash/7 dots

Yes

None

Square

↑↑

RJ

RR

3.327

√ 431c.

G

II

7 dots

Yes

None

Modified

↑↑

RJ

RR

3.328

√ 432.

G

IV

7 dots

Yes

None

Square

↑↑

Ste

S

3.329

√ 433.

H

II

9 dots

Yes

None

Modified

↑↑

Ste

R

3.329C

√ 433c.

H

IV

9 dots

Yes

None

Square

?

Her

RR

Obverse Varieties

Separator	The line separating the Persian from the English legends differs. It may be a plain line, two plain lines, a star with three dots and a dash either side, a number of dots with dashes either side, or a number of dots alone. The single plain line variety often has a second thin line immediately underneath. The double plain line variety is two clearly separated lines of about the same width
Stop After X	There is usually a stop after the X value letter. Sometimes this is missing.
Missing Letter	On one variety the letter alif is missing from the bottom right of the Persian legend

	A	A1	A2	B	C	D	E	F	F1	G	H
Separator	Plain	Plain	Plain	Two Plain	Dash/3 Dots/Star	5 dots/dash	Dash/5 dots	Dash/6 dots	Dash/7 dots	7 Dots	9 Dots
Stop After X	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Missing Letter	No	Yes	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No

Reverse Varieties

Separator	There may or may not be a dividing line between the Tamil and Telugu legends.
First Tamil Letter	The first letter in the Tamil legend may take a number of different forms. This might be the correct form, a modified form or a square form.
Centre Letter at Bottom	The letter in the centre of the bottom line may be correct or inverted

	I	II	III	IV	V
Separator	None	None	None	None	Plain Line
First Tamil Letter	Correct	Modified	Modified	Square	Square
Centre Letter at Bottom	Correct	Correct	Inverted	Correct	Correct

Madras Mint – Reformation – Copper, Five Cash 1807

The value in Persian and English (Persian = In panj kas ast = this is five cash)		The value in Tamil and Telugu. (Telugu = Idu anacu kasu, Tamil = Idi aedu kasulu = this is five Cash)
The beaded border is not usually visible. The top photo is more typical.

Official Weight (g)	2.41
Actual Weight (g)	1.99-2.70
Actual Diameter (mm)	19.6-21.3
Composition	Copper
Edge	Plain
Axis	Varies. See below
Mintage (to March 1808)	1,216,822

Catalogue

Cat No.	Photo Link	Obv	Obverse			Axis	Provenance	Comments	Rarity
			Separator	Value	Stop
3.330	√ 434.	A	None	V CASH	Yes	↑↓	Ste, Bald		R
3.331	√ 435.	A	None	”	Yes	↑↑	RJ		R
3.332	√ 437.	B	7 Dots	”	Yes	↑↑	Ste, Noon		R
3.333	√ 436a.	B	7 Dots	”	Yes	↑↓	Ste	See photos for a specimen with re-engraved dots	R
3.333A	√ 436b3.	B1	8 Dots	”	Yes	↑↑	ClassNG		RR
3.333E	√ 436.	C	9 Dots	”	Yes	↑↓	Ste, SA		R
3.333F	√ 436g.	C1	10 Dots	”	Yes		Jay Lion		RR
3.333G	√ 436b.	D	Dash/5 dots	”	Yes	↑↑	RJ, SA		R
3.333H	√ 436b6.	D1	Dash/7 dots	”	No	↑↑	Ste, Bald		R
3.333i	√ 436b9.	D1	Dash/7dots	”	No	↑↓	Her	Dashes in separator are sometimes very short	R
3.333J	√ 436c.	E	Dots & Star	X CASH	Yes	↑↓	RJ	English value X CASH	RR

The previously listed 3.333c with 9 dots and axis ↑↑ is now listed as 3.333H.

Obverse Varieties

Separator	The line separating the Persian from the English legends differs. It may be dots and dash, a number of dots alone, dots and star, or no separator. The dashes are sometimes very short. Any elongation of the first and last dot is considered a dash.
English Value	The English value is usually expressed as ‘V CASH’ on one example it is ‘X CASH’ but the value in all other languages is five cash, and the weight is that of a 5 cash coin.
Stop	There is usually a stop after the value letter V or X. Sometimes this is missing

There may also be varieties with large and small English letters. Not enough examples have been examined to clarify this point.

	A	B	B1	C	C1	D	D1	E
Separator	None	7 Dots	8 Dots	9 Dots	10 Dots	Dash/5 dots	Dash/7 dots	Dots & Star
English Value	V CASH	V CASH	V CASH	V Cash	V CASH	V CASH	V CASH	X CASH
Stop	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes

Madras Mint – Reformation – Copper, Two & a Half Cash 1807

The value in Persian and English (Persian = In do va-nim kas ast = This is two and a half cash). Within a beaded circle.		The value in Tamil and Telugu. (Tamil = Idu 2½ kasu, Telugu = Idi 2½ kasulu = this is 2½cash). Within a beaded circle.

Official Weight (g)	1.21
Actual Weight (g)	Varies. See table below
Actual Diameter (mm)	”
Composition	Copper
Edge	Plain
Mintage(up to March 1808)	561,622
Axis	Varies. See below

Catalogue

Cat No.	Photo Link	Obv	Bar	Axis	Actual wt (g)	Actual Diam (mm)	Provenance	Comments	Rarity
3.334	√ 438.	A	Yes	↑↓	1.06-1.30	15.5-17.6	Ste, Tody, Noon, Bald, HC, eBay	The die axis on many recorded specimens is not known	R
3.334C	√ 438c.	A	Yes	↑↑	”	”	Ste		R
3.335	√ 439.	B	No	↑↑	”	”	Ste,		R
3.336	√ 440.	B	No	↑↓	”	”	Ste, Bald, Newey	The die axis on many of the recorded specimens is not known	R
3.336C	√ 440c.	B	No	↑↓	”	19.6-20.0	RJ	Broad flan, normal weight. Large numeral 2 in 2½	RR
3.337	√ 441.	B	No	↑↑	2.32-2.56	20.5-21.1	RJ	Ref: BM 1935.0401.12380 and Kaslove. Same size and weight as five cash. The letters are noticeable larger and spread out to fill the flan.	RRR

Obverse Varieties

Bar in 1/2

There may or may not be a horizontal bar in 1/2

The size of the numeral 2 in 2½ was previously used to differentiate types but since some coins have an intermediate sized 2, the presence or absence of a horizontal bar in ½ is now used.

	A	B
Bar in 1/2	Yes	No

Madras Mint – Reformation – Silver, Double, Single & Half Rupee 1807

The rupee and double rupee were struck directly onto Spanish 8 reales coins.

Unlike the rupee and fractions, the double rupee engraving varies widely like the 1807-1812 pagoda/fanam/cash series. The double rupee dies were engraved in Madras whilst the dies for the rupees and fractions were prepared from matrix dies sent from Calcutta. These denominations have the Calcutta privy mark of a dot located above two diamonds on the obverse, whilst the double rupees do not.

sikka mubārak bādshāh ghāzī aziz-al-dīn muḥammad. ‘ālamgīr. [AH] (= The auspicious coin of the Victorious Emperor. Chosen of the faith of Muḥammad. ‘Ālamgīr. [AH]). All within a toothed border for double rupee and plain for single and half.		ẓarb arkāt sanah [RY] julūs maimanat mānūs (= Struck at Arkāt in the [RY] year of his reign of tranquil prosperity). All within a toothed border for double rupee and plain for single and half.

	Double Rupee	Rupee	Half Rupee
Official Weight (g)	24.19	12.10	6.05
Actual Weight (g)	23.63-24.40	11.96-12.18	5.92-6.07
Actual Diameter (mm)	38.8-40.3	26.8-28.2	21.8-22.4
Composition	Silver
Edge	Grained Right

Catalogue

Cat No.	Photo Link	Pr No.	Denomination	Obv	Rev	AH	RY	Axis	Provenance	Comments	Mintage	Rarity
3.338	√ 443.	245	Double Rupee	A	I	1172	6	↑↑	Ste, Coins Art, Bombay, RJ, Noon		165,712	R
3.339	444.	245	”	A	I	1172	6	↑↓		Ref: BM		RR
3.340	√ 445a.	245	”	A	I	1172	6	↑↑	Ste, Bombay (same specimen), Noon	Mint specimen		RRR
3.341	√ 442.	-	”	A	I	1177	6	↑↑	Noon			RRR
3.342	√ 444c.	-	”	A	I	No date	6		HC, Dinyar Maddon (via HC)			RRR
3.343	√ 445.	246	”	B	II	1172	2	↑↑	Ste, Noble, Noon			RR
3.344	√ 446.	247	Rupee	-	-	1172	6	”	Ste, Spink, Noon		2,144,806	R
3.344A	√ 446c.	247	”	-	-	1172	6	↑↑	RJ	Mint specimen		RRR
3.345	√ 447.	247	”	-	-	1172	6	↑↓	Ste			RR
3.346	√ 447c.	-	Copper uniface Rupee	-	-	1172	-	-	Bald			RRR
3.347	√ 447e.	-	8 reales overstruck with rupee die	-	-		-	-	Ste			RRR
3.348	√ 448.	248	Half Rupee	-	-	1172	6	↑↑	Ste, Noon		108,180	RR
3.349	√ 449.	-	”	-	-	1172	6	↑↑	RJ	Mint specimen		RRR

Obverse Varieties for Double Rupee

Decorative Dots

There may or may not be decorative dots on the obverse. The number and position of these dots vary.

	A	B
Decorative Dots	Yes	No

Reverse Varieties for Double Rupee

Decorative Dots

There may or may not be decorative dots on the reverse. The number and position of these dots vary.

	I	II
Decorative Dots	Yes	No

NB. Reverse III has been deleted because more specimens have become available showing that differences in arrangement of dot groups occur on almost every specimen.

Madras Mint – Reformation – Silver, Quarter & Eighth Rupee 1807

sikka bādshāh ‘ālamgīr. 1172. (= Coin of the Emperor. ‘Ālamgīr). 1172. All within a plain border.		ẓarb arkāt sanah [RY] (= Struck at Arkot in the [RY] year). All within a plain border

	Quarter Rupee	Eighth Rupee
Official Weight (g)	3.02	1.51
Actual Weight (g)	2.99-3.05	1.54
Actual Diameter (mm)	16.5-17.2	16.4-16.8
Composition	Silver
Edge	Grained Right

Catalogue

Cat No.	Photo Link	Pr No.	Denomination	AH	RY	Axis	Provenance	Comments	Mintage	Rarity
3.350	√ 450.	249	Quarter Rupee	1172	6	↑↑	Ste, RJ		18,216	RRR
3.350A	√ 450c.	249	”	1172	6	↑↑	RJ	Mint specimen		RRR
3.351	√ 451.	250	Eighth Rupee	1172	6	↑↑	Ste		20,046	RRR
3.351A	√ 451c.	250	”	1172	6	↑↑	RJ			RRR

Madras Mint – Reformation – Silver, Four Annas 1808

	(= Chahar ana rupiya = Four annas of a rupee)		(Tamil = Nalu ana, Telugu = Nalugu analu = Four annas)
The value in Persian within a buckled garter. On the garter is the value in English. FOUR ANNAS All within a beaded border.		The value in Telugu in two lines separated by a bead surrounded by a ribbon, the ends of which are separated by a star. On the ribbon is the value in Tamil.

Official Weight (g)	2.97
Actual Weight (g)	2.74-2.96
Actual Diameter (mm)	16.4-17.2
Composition	Silver
Edge	Grained Right
Axis	↑↑
Mintage	165,712

Catalogue

Cat No.	Photo Link	Pr. No.	Obv	Provenance	Comments	Rarity
3.352	√ 452.	305	A	Ste, RJ, Noon, Tody, Oswal	The tail of the left letter in the outer Tamil legend on the reverse points inward or outward.	RR
3.353	√ 453.	306	B	Ste, RJ, HC, Noon		RR

Obverse Varieties

Stop in Legend

There may or may not be a centre stop in the English legend.

	A	B
Stop in Legend	None	Centre

Madras Mint – Reformation – Silver, Two Annas 1807

Originally described as ‘possibly a pattern’, but now believed to be a small issue in 1807

Do ana rupiya (= Two annas of a rupee)	Tamil = Irantu ana; Telugu = Renddu analu (= Two annas)

Actual Weight (g)	1.41-1.56
Actual Diameter (mm)	15.8-16.5
Composition	Silver
Edge	Grained Right
Axis	Varies. See below

Catalogue

Cat No.	Photo Link	Pr No.	Axis	Provenance	Comments	Rarity
3.354	√ 454.	309	↑↓	Ste, Tody		RR
3.354A	√ 454b.	309	↑↓	Noon	Mint specimen	RRR
3.354B	√ 454c.	309	↑↑	Ste, RJ		RR

Madras Mint – Reformation – Silver, Two Annas 1808

The value in Persian within a buckled garter. On the garter is the value in English. TWO ANNAS All within a beaded border. (Persian = Do ana rupiya = Two annas of a rupee)		The value in Telugu in two lines separated by a bead surrounded by a ribbon, the ends of which are separated by a star. On the ribbon is the value in Tamil. All within a beaded border. (Tamil = Irantu ana, Telugu = Renddu analu = Two annas).

Official Weight (g)	1.48
Actual Weight (g)	1.42-1.51
Actual Diameter (mm)	16.1-16.8
Composition	Silver
Edge	Grained Right
Mintage	64,558

Catalogue

Cat No.	Photo Link	Pr No.	Obv	Rev	Axis	Provenance	Comments	Rarity
3.355	√ 455.	307	B	II	↑↑	Ste, RJ, Marudhar, Noon		RR
3.356	√ 456.	308	B	III	“	Noon	No star	RRR
3.357	√ 457.	307	C	IV	“	Ste, Stack	Telugu letter na inverted	RR
3.357A	√ 457c.	307	C	V	?	Bald	Telugu letter na written differently and shading on ends of ribbon on reverse.	RR

The previous obverse A and reverse I are now listed as the 1807 issue above.

Obverse Varieties

Stop in Legend

There may or may not be a stop in the English legend.

	B	C
Stop in Legend	None	Centre

Reverse Varieties

Star	There may or may not be a star separating the ends of the ribbon.
Telugu Legend	The bottom centre letter na of the Telugu legend may be normal, inverted or written differently
Shading in ribbon	There may or may not be shading on the ends of the ribbon

	II	III	IV	V
Star	Yes	No	Yes	Yes
Telugu Legend	Normal	Normal	Inverted	Differs
Shading in Ribbon	No	No	No	Yes

Madras Mint – Reformation – Copper, Two Dubs 1807-1808

A Persian Inscription in four lines: do falūs Hanarabal Kampini isavi 1807 (= Two falūs of the Honourable Company. Christian year 1807).		The value in Telugu in three lines within a plain circle. Around this is the value in Tamil. All within another plain circle. (Telugu = Kampini varuvesana renddu dabbulu, Tamil = Kumpini yarapotta irantu dabbu = Honourable Company, two dubs).

Official Weight (g)	20.61
Actual Weight (g)	20.69-22.13
Actual Diameter (mm)	39.9-40.3
Composition	Copper
Edge	Plain
Axis	↑↓

Catalogue

Cat No.	Photo Link	Pr No.	Provenance	Comments	Rarity
3.358	√ 458.	327	Ste, Noon, Bald	There appear to be two obv varieties – one with the bottom of the Persian legend reaching almost to the rim of the coin, and one with it somewhat shorter (R. Weir). Because of the rarity of these coins, insufficient specimens have been examined to catalogue these as different varieties	RRR

Madras Mint – Reformation – Copper, Dub 1807-1808, Type 1

A Persian Inscription in four lines: Falūs Hanarabal Kampani isavi 1807 = Falūs of the honourable Company. Christian year 1807. All within a toothed rim.		The value in Telugu in three lines. Within a toothed rim. (Telugu = Kampini varuvesana dabbulu = Honourable Company, dub). All within a toothed rim.

Official Weight (g)	10.31
Actual Weight (g)	9.88-11.57
Actual Diameter (mm)	26.4-27.9
Composition	Copper
Edge	Plain
Axis	Varies. See below

Catalogue

Cat No.	Photo Link	Pr. No.	Axis	Provenance	Comments	Rarity
3.359	√ 459.	328	↑↑	Ste,		RR
3.359A	√ 459e.	328	↑↓	Bald, Noon		RR
3.359B	√ 459g.	328	↑↓	Noon	Mint specimen	RRR

Madras Mint – Reformation – Copper, Dub 1807-1808, Type 2

This coin appears to use an obverse design similar to the dub shown above and the reverse design similar to the half dub shown below. Only one specimen has been seen so far.

The Inscription in four lines: Falūs Hanarabal Kampani isavi 1807 = Falūs of the honourable Company. Christian year 1807. All within a toothed rim.		The value in Telugu in three lines within a plain circle. Around this is the value in Tamil. All within another plain circle. (Telugu = Kampini varuvesana dabbu, Tamil = Kumpini yarapotta dabbu = Honourable Company, dub).

Official Weight (g)	10.31
Actual Weight (g)	10.57
Actual Diameter (mm)	~26
Composition	Copper
Edge	Plain
Axis	↑↑

Catalogue

Cat No.	Photo Link	Pr. No.	Provenance	Comments	Rarity
3.360	√ 459c.	-	Bald		RRR

Madras Mint – Reformation – Copper, Half Dub 1807 to 1808

A Persian Inscription in four lines: Nim falūs Hanarabal Kampani isavi 1807 = Half falūs of the honourable Company. Christian year 1807		The value in Telugu in three lines within a plain circle. Around this is the value in Tamil. All within another plain circle. (Telugu = Kampini varuvesana Ara dabbu, Tamil = Kumpini yarapotta Arai dabbu = Honourable Company, half dub).

Official Weight (g)	5.15
Actual Weight (g)	4.94-5.25
Actual Diameter (mm)	21.6-22.3
Composition	Copper
Edge	Plain
Axis	Varies. See below

Catalogue

Cat No.	Photo Link	Pr. No.	Obv	Axis	Provenance	Comments	Rarity
3.361	√ 461.	329	A	↑↑	Noon	Ref: BM. Large and small date varieties (R. Weir)	R
3.362	√ 460.	329	A	↑↓	Ste, Bald, Noon	Large and small date varieties (R. Weir)	S
3.362A	√ 460c.	329	A	↑↓	Noon	Mint specimen	RRR
3.363	√ 462.	330	B	↑↓	Ste		R

Obverse Varieties

Date	The date may be correct (1807) or incorrect (7107).

	A	B
Date	Correct	Incorrect

Madras Mint – Reformation – Copper, Quarter Dub 1807 to 1808

The value in Telugu. Telugu = Kampini varuvesana kal dabbu = Honourable Company quarter dub.		The value in Tamil in three lines. (Tamil = Kumpini yarapotta kal dabbu = Honourable Company, quarter dub).

Official Weight (g)	2.57
Actual Weight (g)	2.52-2.68
Actual Diameter (mm)	16.2-16.8
Composition	Copper
Edge	Plain
Axis	Varies. See below

Catalogue

Cat No.	Photo Link	Pr. No.	Axis	Provenance	Comments	Rarity
3.364	√ 463.	331	↑↑	RJ		R
3.365	√ 464.	331	↑↓	Ste, Bald, Noon		S
3.365A	√ 464c.	331	↑↓	RJ	Mint specimen	RRR

Madras Mint – Reformation – Copper, Regulating Dub 1807 to 1808

A Persian Inscription in four lines: In Sikka Hanarabal Kampani seh falūs yek falam-i-Khurd ast. Isavi 1807 = this coin of the Honourable Company and three falūs are one small fanam. Christian year 1807.		The value in Telugu in five lines within a plain circle. Around this is the value in Tamil. All within another plain circle. (Telugu = idi nara mudu kadta dabbulu numera cinara ruku, Tamil = idu ammunu pudu dabbum oru sinna panam = this and three new dubs are one small fanam.

Official Weight (g)	7.56
Actual Weight (g)	7.40-7.61
Actual Diameter (mm)	26.4-26.8
Composition	Copper
Edge	Plain
Axis	Varies. See below

Catalogue

Cat No.	Photo Link	Pr. No.	Axis	Provenance	Comments	Rarity
3.366	√ 465.	336	↑↓	Ste, HC, Noon		S
3.367	√ 466.	336	↑↑	HC	Ref: Kaslove	S

Madras Mint – Reformation – Copper, Two Dubs 1808 to 1812

A Persian Inscription in four lines: Do falūs Hanarabal Kampani isavi 1808 = Two falūs of the honourable Company. Christian year 1808		The value in Telugu in three lines. The value in English below. Within a toothed rim. (Telugu = Kampani varuvesana renddu dabbulu = Honourable Company, two dubs).

Official Weight (g)	20.61
Actual Weight (g)	19.69
Actual Diameter (mm)	36.0
Composition	Copper
Edge	Plain
Axis	↑↑

Catalogue

Cat No.	Photo Link	Pr. No.	Provenance	Comments	Rarity
3.368	√ 467.	332	Pr.	Not sold in last 40 years. BM has an example, as has at least one private collector.	RRR

Photos from Girish Veera via S. Bhandare

These are all fakes

Photo below from Heritage sale 61550 (sept 2025), lot 21196. Probable fake

Madras Mint – Reformation – Copper, Dub 1808 to 1812

A Persian Inscription in four lines: Falūs Hanarabal Kampani isavi 1808 = Falūs of the honourable Company. Christian year 1808		The value in Telugu in three lines. The value in English below. Within a toothed rim. (Telugu = Kampini varuvesana dabbulu = Honourable Company, dub).

Official Weight (g)	10.31
Actual Weight (g)	9.55-10.46
Actual Diameter (mm)	Varies. See table below
Composition	Copper
Edge	Plain
Axis	↑↑

Catalogue

Cat No.	Photo Link	Pr. No.	Actual Diam (mm)	Provenance	Comments	Rarity
3.369	√ 468.	333	26.7-27.0	RJ, Noon	Large flan variety. Occurs with large and small dates	RR
3.370	√ 469.	334	20.9-24.3	Ste, Noon	Small flan variety. Also occurs with large and small dates (R. Weir)	R

Madras Mint – Reformation – Copper, Half Dub 1808 to 1812

A Persian Inscription in four lines: Nim falūs Hanarabal Kampani isavi 1808 = Half falūs of the honourable Company. Christian year 1808		The value in Telugu in three lines. The value in English below. Within a toothed rim. (Telugu = Kampini varuvesana Ara dabbu = Honourable Company, half dub).

Official Weight (g)	5.15
Actual Weight (g)	4.61-5.36
Actual Diameter (mm)	25.8-28.1
Composition	Copper
Edge	Plain
Axis	↑↑

Catalogue

Cat No.	Photo Link	Pr. No.	Obv	Provenance	Comments	Rarity
3.371	√ 470.	335	A	Ste, Noon		S
3.372	√ 471.	335	B	Ste, Noon, Murali Thantry		S

Obverse Varieties

Date Size

The date may be large or small.

	A	B
Date Size	Small	Large

Madras Mint – Reformation – Copper, Regulating Dub 1808 to 1812

A Persian Inscription in four lines: In Sikka Hanarabal Kampani seh falūs yek falam-i-Khurd ast. Isavi 1808 = this coin of the Honourable Company and three falūs is one small fanam. Christian year 1808		The value in Telugu in five lines within a plain circle. Around this is the value in Tamil. All within another plain circle. (Telugu = idi nara mudu kadta dabbulu numera cinara ruku, Tamil = idu ammunu pudu dabbum oru sinna panam = This and three new dubs are one small fanam

Official Weight (g)	7.56
Actual Weight (g)	6.87-7.65
Actual Diameter (mm)	26.5-27.0
Composition	Copper
Edge	Plain
Axis	↑↑

Catalogue

Cat No.	Photo Link	Pr. No.	Provenance	Comments	Rarity
3.373	√ 472.	337	Ste, RJ		RRR

/I